七年级英语期中复习资料(有重点句型、每个单元的单词、语法)

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1.动词be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。

2.this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。
(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:
This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)
That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)
(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:
This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。
(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如:
This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。
(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:
This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。
(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如:
—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?
—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?
注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如:
①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?
—Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
②—What’s that? 那是什么?
—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。

3.these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?
在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:
④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?
Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。

4.名词+’s所有格
单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”:
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈
以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”
Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书
不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ”
Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)
表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s
Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)

5.There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:
There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:
There is a book on the desk.
有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:
Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:
①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

6.like一词的用法
like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。
(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:
I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。
(2)后接动名词(v. -ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:
Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。

7.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要变为are。如:
I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:
He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:
It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:
This is a box. →These are boxes.

8.英语日期的表示法
英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。
用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。

9.时间的表达法
(1) 直读式,即直接读出时间数字
7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小时制
6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分
(4)24小时制
13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)时间前通常用at.
at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.

10. want用法
(1)想干什么用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。
(2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化
①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ? -Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ? -Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t
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初中英语语法知识难点大全

英语语法知识难点(一)

(一) 形容词和副词

  I. 要点

  A. 形容词

  1、 形容词的用法

  形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。如:

  He is honest and hardworking.

  I found the book interesting.

  某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如:

  The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.

  The English like to be with their families.

  多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:

  冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如:

  the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.

  2、 形容词比较等级的形式

  (1) 规则形式

  一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:

  great-greater-greatest

  busy-busier-busiest

  important-more important-(the)most important

  (2) 不规则形式

  good (well)-better-best

  bad (ill)-worse-worst

  many (much)-more-most

  little-less-least

  (3) 形容词比较等级的用法

  ①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:

  He is cleverer than the other boys.

  This one is more beautiful than that one.

  ②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:

  He is the cleverest boy in his class.

  ③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:

  He is as tall as I.

  I have as many books as you.

  ④ 越… 越…

  例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.

  ⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好

  又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.

  你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。

  ⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.

  那一天是最令我担心的一天。

  I have never had a better dinner.

  这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。

  ⑦ My English is no better than yours.

  我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。

  B.副词

  1、 副词的种类

  (1) 时间副词 如:ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等

  (2) 地点副词 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。

  (3) 方式副词 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。

  (4) 程度副词 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。

  2、 副词比较等级的用法

  其用法与形容词相似,只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如:

  Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.

  We must work harder.

  3、 某些副词在用法上的区别

  (1) already, yet, still

  already表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,有时也可用于否定句。如:

  We've already watched that film.

  I haven't finished my homework yet.

  He still works until late every night.

  (2) too, as well, also, either

  too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句,too和as well多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。如:

  He went there too.

  He didn't go there either.

  I like you as well.

  I also went there.

  (3) hard, hardly

  hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如:

  I work hard every day.

  I can hardly remember that.

  (4) late, lately

  lately意为"最近、近来",late意为"晚、迟"。如:

  He never comes late.

  Have you been to the museum lately?

  II. 例题

  例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____

  A high enough  B tall enough

  C enough high  C enough tall

  解析:该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。

  例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.

  A When I take more medicine

  B The more medicine I take

  C Taking more of the medicine

  D More medicine taken

  解析:该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…,越…。该句意为:吃的药越多,我的病越是加重。

  例3"I haven't been to London yet".

  "I haven't been there ____".

  A too  B also  C either  D neither

  解析:该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不",而C-either则用于否定句中,意为"也"。

  例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.

  A deep  B deeply  C very deep  D quite deeply

  解析:该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时,修饰具体的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词,如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词,不能互相修饰。

(二) 介词

  I. 要点

  1、介词和种类

  (1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。

  (2) 复合介词,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。

  2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

  (1) 和动词的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。

  (2) 和形容词的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at

  (3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.

  3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语,这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如:

  He came right after dinner.

  He lives directly opposite the school.

  4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例

  (1) at, on, in(表时间)

  表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。

  指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。

  指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。

  (2) between, among(表位置)

  between仅用于二者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也用between, 如

  I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.

  The village lies between three hills.

  among用于三者或三者以上之间。如:

  He is the best among the students.

  (3) beside, besides

  beside意为"在…旁边",而besides意为"除…之外"。如:

  He sat beside me.

  What do you want besides this?

  (4)in the tree, on the tree

  in the tree 指动物或人在树上,而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上

  (5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way

  on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道

  by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法

  (6)in the corner, at the corner

  in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外

  (7)in the morning, on the morning

  in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨

  (8)by bus, on the bus

  by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车

  II. 例题

  例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?

  A except B but C beside D besides

  解析:A、B两项except等于but,意为"除了…",C-beside意为"在…旁边",不符合题意。而D-besides,   意为"除了…之外,还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为:除了英语外,你还知道别的语言吗?

  例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

  A on B at C in D during

  解析:我们均知道,at night这一短语,但如果night前有修饰词,表具体的夜晚,则要用介词on来修饰,故该题正确答案为A。

  例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.

  A to B in C at D on

  解析:该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配,意为"期望、盼望"。

 

(三) 连词

  I. 要点

  1、 连词的种类

  (1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句,如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。

  (2) 从属连词用来引导从句,如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。

  除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外,还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句),关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

  2、 常用连词举例

  (1)and 和,并且

  They drank and sang all night.

  (2) both…and 和, 既…也…

  Both my parents and I went there.

  (3) but 但是,而

  I'm sad, but he is happy.

  (4) either…or 或…或…, 要么…要么…

  Either you're wrong, or I am.

  (5) for因为

  I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

  (6) however 然而,可是

  Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

  (7) neither…nor 既不…也不

  Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.

  (8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…

  He not only sings well, but also dances well.

  (9) or 或者,否则

  Hurry up, or you'll be late.

  Are you a worker or a doctor?

  (10) so 因此,所以

  It's getting late, so I must go.

  (11) although 虽然

  Although it was late, they went on working.

  (12) as soon as 一 …就

  I'll tell him as soon as I see him.

  (13) because 因为

  He didn't go to school, because he was ill.

  (14)unless 除非,如果不

  I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.

  (15)until 直到…

  He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)

  He stayed there until eleven.

  (16)while 当…时候,而 (表示对比)

  While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

  My pen is red while his is blue.

  (17)for 因为

  He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)

  (18)since自从…

  I have lived here since my uncle left.

  (19)hardly… when 一… 就

  I had hardly got to the station when the train left.

  (20)as far as 就… 来说

  As far as I know, that country is very small.

  You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

  II. 例题

  例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

  A as well B as well as C so well D so well as

  解析:该题意为:John踢足球如果不比David好的话,那也踢得和David一样好。 和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B。

  例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

  A when B where C which D while

  解析:该处意为"然而",只有while有此意思,故选D。

  例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?

  A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise

  解析:该处意为"或者",正确答案为C。
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建议你去买孟建平系列丛书,或者是【全品学考练】等的资料,English 这东西啊,是急不来的,根据复习资料一单元一单元的复习,特别是单词和各种短语,你会成功的!Believe in yourself !
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2011-11-09
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只要按照老师讲的知识复习就行了,自己上网搜索练习题和参考答案吧!

参考资料: 人教版七年级上册英语书,我是从父母那里了解到的。

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