数学的基本概念附英文翻译
数学的基本概念附英文翻译 1
分数:fractions
分子:numerator
分母:denominator
分数的加减乘除:addition,subtraction,multiplication and division of fractions
繁分数和假分数:mixed number and improper fraction
繁分数是指一个数由一个整数和一个分数构成。
假分数是指分子大于分母的分数。例如:7/3
小数:decimals
科学计数法:scientific notation
Sometimes decimals are expressed as the product of a number with only one digit to the left of the decimal point and a power of 10. This is called scientific notation. For example, 231 can be written as 2.31×102 and 0.0231 can be written as 2.31×10-2. When a number is expressed in scientific notation, the exponent of the 10 indicates the number of places that the decimal point is to be moved in the number that is to be multiplied by a power of 10 in order to obtain the product. The decimal point is moved to the right if the exponent is positive and to the left if the exponent is negative. For example, 20.13×103 is equal to 20,130 and 1.91×10-4 is equal to 0.000191.
数学的基本概念附英文翻译 2
1、mode(众数)
一堆数中出现频率最高的一个或几个数,例如:mode of 1,1,1,2,3,0,0,0,5 is 1 and 0.
2、range(值域)
一堆数中最大和最小数之差,例如:range of 1,1,2,3,5 is 5-1=4
3、mean(平均数)
arithmatic mean(算术平均数),geometric mean (几何平均数:n个数之积的n次方根)
4、median(中数)
将一堆数排序之后,正中间的一个数(奇数个数字),或者中间两个数的平均数(偶数个数字),例如:“median of 1,7,4,9,2,2,2,2,2,5,8 is 2”,“median of 1,7,4,9,2,5 is (5+7)/2=6”。
5、standard error(标准偏差)
一堆数中,每个数与平均数的差的绝对值之和,除以这堆数的个数(n)。例如:
standard error of 0,2,5,7,6 is:
(|0-4|+|2-4|+|5-4|+|7-4|+|6-4|)/5=2.4
6、standard variation
一堆数中,每个数与平均数之差的平方之和,再除以n,例如:standard variation of 0,2,5,7,6 is6.8
7、standard deviation
就是standard variation的平方根,标准方差的公式:d^2=[(a1-a)^2+(a2-a)^2+....+(an-a)^2 ]/n,d 为标准方差。
8. 三角形余玄定理
C^2=A^2+B^2-2ABCOSt,其中t为AB两条线间的夹角。
9. Y=k1X+B1,Y=k2X+B2,两线垂直的条件为K1K2=-1
10. 三的倍数的特点
所有位数之和可被3整除。