Question

求英语高手翻译 不要翻译工具的

现金流通中存在的问题与思考
随着市场经济的发展，市场流通中现金的需求量在不断加大，无论是开户银行、企事业单位的库存现金，还是个体、私营者和居民的手持现金都在日益增多。大量现金的存在，为人们日常的经济往来提供了快捷、方便的结算手段。然而，市场流通中的现金在流通量、整洁度等方面也存在一定的问题，实在令人深思。

正确认识流通中现金存在的问题

库存现金量增大。由于经济主体行为的不确定性，加之人们的经济往来大量使用现金，致使一些开户银行、开户单位、私营企业和个体户超限额留存现金。一般的开户银行最多的库存现金都在600万元以上，最少的商业银行网点的库存现金也在50万元左右。企事业单位的库存现金也从过去的几千元到现在几万元甚至几十万元。

居民手持现金增多。受目前利率水平较低和人们支付习惯的影响，人们还保留相当一部分现金用于日常的支出，这方面在农村表现得最突出。据调查，居民手持现金从上百元到几千元不等。

整洁度较低。据调查，市场流通中的现金整洁度普遍较低，污渍破损严重，有时甚至影响了现金充当支付手段的职能，在购买商品时人们不愿意接受这种现金。

券别结构不尽合理。近些年来，市场流通的现金主要以百元等大面额现金为主，而辅币，以及一元、贰元券相对减少。其主要原因一方面是人民银行投放少了，另一方面一部分人在炒作人民币，囤积居奇。此外，还有一部分硬币沉淀在储蓄罐中。

残损人民币兑换难。目前一些基层行社的残币兑换人员一方面因为不掌握残币的兑换标准，害怕有责任而不给兑换；另一方面不愿意给兑换，害怕麻烦，致使人们手中的残币不能得到及时兑换，出现了兑换难的现象。

切实解决流通中现金存在的问题

合理确定库存限额，切实提高经济效益。库存现金是一种非生息资产，合理地确定库存限额，对提高企业的经济效益具有重要的意义。库存现金多，将直接影响企事业的收益，库存现金小，现金周转不开，也会将影响企业的发展。一般来说，开户银行尽量减少库存，以保证支付为宜；开户单位应科学合理地留存现金，既要保证企业现金正常支付，又能加速现金周转。

努力提高服务质量，聚集社会闲置资金。各行社要在服务质量上下功夫，广泛挖掘储源，牢固树立 “客户至上，储户第一”的思想，采取有效措施，不断提高服务质量，通过建立昼夜所，主动延长服务时间；通过增加便民措施，方便储户等。这些服务质量的提高将会使居民手中的闲置现金及时存入银行。

加大损伤券的回笼，提高人民币整洁度。人民银行要加强反假宣传，定期举办残币培训，提高人民币的识别能力，掌握残币兑换标准。要充分发挥残币兑换窗口的作用，及时兑换市场中损伤券，确保人民币的整洁度。

结合现金流通情况，搭配人民币的券别。人民银行要及时调入券种齐全的发行基金，再根据市场经济发展对现金券别的需求，及时投放现金，确保市场主币、辅币的合理供应。同时，人民银行要加强宣传和检查力度，切实防止炒作人民币现象的发生。

Answer 1

Cash flow problems and thinking

With the development of market economy, the market circulation in cash demand continues to increase, both banks, enterprises and institutions of the cash, or individual, privately owned and the residents of cash are growing in. The presence of large amounts of cash, as the people's daily economic exchanges to provide fast, convenient means of settlement. However, in market circulation of cash in circulation, cleanliness and so on also exist some problems, it is thoughtful.

A correct understanding of the problems in the circulation of cash

Increasing the amount of cash. Because of the economic subject behavior uncertainty, coupled with people's economic exchanges use large amounts of cash, bank deposit, resulting in some units, private enterprises and self-employed over-represented retained cash. General bank most cash is in 6000000 yuan of above, the least commercial banks for cash in 500000 yuan. Enterprises and institutions of the cash from the past several thousand yuan to now several million yuan or even hundreds of thousands yuan.

Residents hold cash increase. From the current level of interest rates low and people pay habit, people still retain a substantial cash for daily expenditure, this was the most prominent in the country. According to the survey, residents of cash from hundreds of yuan to several thousand dollars.

Cleanliness of low. According to investigation, market of cash in circulation and neat degree is generally low, stains serious damage, sometimes even affect the cash as a means of payment functions, in the purchase of goods when people are not willing to accept this cash.

Coupons do not unreasonable structure. In recent years, the market circulation of cash to 100 yuan denominations cash, and coins, as well as a yuan, two yuan coupon relative reduction. The main reason is the people's Bank of China on the less, on the other hand, some people in the speculation, hoarding and profiteering. In addition, there is a portion of the coin in the piggy bank deposit.

The damaged RMB exchange hard. At present, some grassroots agency exchange personnel hand because do not master paper money exchange standard, the fear of liability and not to change; on the other hand, do not want to exchange, afraid of trouble, resulting in the hands of the people can not get timely exchange of paper money, appeared to change difficult phenomenon.

To solve the problems in the circulation of cash

To determine a reasonable inventory limits, cogent raise economic benefits. Cash is a non interest-bearing assets, to determine a reasonable inventory limits, to improve the economic efficiency of enterprises is of great significance. Cash, will directly affect the enterprise's profit, cash, cash flow is not open, will also affect the development of enterprises. In general, bank to minimize inventory, to ensure that the payment is appropriate; account unit should be scientific and reasonable retained cash, both to ensure normal pay cash, also can accelerate cash flow.

Efforts to improve the quality of service, aggregation of social idle capital. Each company to service quality fluctuation, extensive digging Chu Yuan, firmly establish the" customer first, customer first" thought, take effective measures, and continuously improve service quality, through the establishment of diurnal, active extension business hours; by increasing the convenience measures, such as convenient depositors. The improvement of the service quality will make people idle hands of cash and timely bank deposit.

Increase the damage bill collection, improve the RMB cleanliness. People's Bank of China shall strengthen anti false propaganda, hold regular training to improve things, its recognition ability, master exchange standard. To give full play to the role of exchange window, timely exchange market injury coupons, ensure the neatness of the rmb.

Combined with the cash flow situation, with the renminbi notes. The people's Bank of China shall timely transfer bond complete issue fund, according to market economy development on cash coupon other needs, timely delivery of cash, ensure market rates, it is reasonable to supply. At the same time, the people's Bank of China shall strengthen the publicity and supervision, and effectively prevent speculation phenomenon.

Answer 2

你这给100块钱也不定有人做

Answer 3

同意楼上，除非吃饱了撑着

Answer 4

With the development of market economy, the market circulation in cash demand continues to increase, both banks, enterprises and institutions of the cash, or individual, privately owned and the residents of cash are growing in. The presence of large amounts of cash, as the people's daily economic exchanges to provide fast, convenient means of settlement. However, in market circulation of cash in circulation, cleanliness and so on also exist some problems, it is thoughtful.

A correct understanding of the problems in the circulation of cash

Increasing the amount of cash. Because of the economic subject behavior uncertainty, coupled with people's economic exchanges use large amounts of cash, bank deposit, resulting in some units, private enterprises and self-employed over-represented retained cash. General bank most cash is in 6000000 yuan of above, the least commercial banks for cash in 500000 yuan. Enterprises and institutions of the cash from the past several thousand yuan to now several million yuan or even hundreds of thousands yuan.

Answer 5

我同意小乐狠痴线1