Question

He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened .

从句中是were 为什么不是had been

Answer 1

1. he alone were responsible for what had happened 是虚拟语气
2. 非虚拟语气的正常的表达是
he is responsible for what had happened，
他以为好像只有他一个人对发生的事情负责一样（实际上不是），他以为的，不是将来，也不是过去，是一般现在式。
3. 在虚拟语气里面，一般现在时，用过去式表示，并且单数人称和复数人称都用were
4. what had happened 这里之所以用过去完成时，因为这里的时间，是针对felt的时间，过去的过去，就用过去完成式。

Answer 2

你好。你的句子是虚拟语气。正常的解释是，他还有别人都要对所发生的事情负责。但他的感觉是，只是他一个人对此负责。如果变成非虚拟语气就是：He doesn't feel that he alone is responsible for what has happened .----------或者 ： He didn't feel that he alone was responsible for what had happened (你刚才说的had been 似乎是永远用不进去的)

Answer 3

因为后面还有一个发生在更前的动作happened,如果前面用had been,后面就不好表达了。