Question

问几个英语问题~

1.平时经常见到用to加动词来表达单个动词的意思,如to want,to feel,to know等,为什么前面要加to?

2.在这个句子里What has he got in his bag? ,能否改成What has he in his bag? ? 为什么?

3.a.When we were having lunch,my mother told us a story.
b.As we were watching TV,the postman arrived.
以上两个从句,为什么一个用when作连词,而另外那个用as作连接词?可否互换?

初学英语,请大大们指教,谢谢!

Answer 1

1动词不定式用法，就是这样。英美人就是这样用的，咱们不用问为什么，语言习惯而已。
2行，has got=have，特别是在美国英语中。
3这两个句子中WHEN和AS可以互换，不过它们也有区别，见下比较：
when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别
when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。
一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
① Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？
②Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。
③Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。
④ The students took notes as they listened．（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。
二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。
①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
②When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。
①When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When ／While ／As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。
3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。
① As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as表示“随着……”之意）
② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases．随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
③As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer．随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
④The little girls sang as they went．小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。
⑤The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying．伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。
4．在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。
①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it．在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
②When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this．下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中（指过去的事情）。
sb．had hardly（＝scarcely） done sth．when．．．＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had sb．done sth．when．．．
①I had hardly ／scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
②I had hardly ／scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang．＝Hardly ／Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang．我刚一走进房门，电话就响了

Answer 2

1.to在这里没有什么实际意义，仅仅代表七后的词为动词。这中用发经常见于一些比较老式的字典或词典中。

2.不可以。What has he got in his bag中的HAS与GOT构成完成时，What has he in his bag则缺少了实意动词做谓语，为一个病句。

3.可以互换。AS 和WHEN在这都表示动作的伴随状态，两个动作同时进行，没有太大的意义上的区别。

Answer 3

1.这是动词的非谓语形式，说简单点，加了to可以作主语、宾语等，什么都行，就是不能做谓语
2.What has he got in his bag?=What does he have in his bag?而What has he in his bag? 省去了got,这是英式英语,有点口语化，很久都没用了.在90年代,这种说法是对的,但现在的大纲就把这个定为错的.你记住has在这里是助动词，后面必需加过去分词got，若直接用have,就要用助动词do+实意动词have的形式
3.可以的.as更形象些,自己在做书面表达时就应多用as,这样你的文章会更有亮色些。等你读高中了，你还会学到as在句首引导定语从句，当然这里是表伴随状态。
我是英语高手，以后有什么不懂，问我就是了。