Question

求翻译~~~

As more states require high school students to pass competence exams before graduating, evidence suggests that cheating among is also on the rise. Many educators are concerned about dishonest behavior among examiners, and have launched a number of campaigns to control cheating. In spite of their efforts, however, cheating seems to be increasingly contagions among students in both high schools and universities. Numerous arguments have been made about the cause of this widespread problem. Some experts believe it is linked to changes in American society as a whole since, unlike earlier times, modern America is largely a nation of strangers. Additionally, moral values are not taught or reinforced as they were in "the good old days."

The author, Janet Graham, writing about the profits of praise, tells us that praiseful comments are in fact much more constructive than critical remarks. She recalls distinctly her first day as a waitress: Just as she was feeling so tried that she wanted to quit, a compliment from a gentleman she had waited on removed her weariness. According to Graham, hard and dirty work which deserves to be appreciated is often ignored even though it would be so easy to comment favorably if the job is well-done. Without an occasional pat on the back, one may easily become discouraged, particularly with routine tasks at work and dull household chores at home.

Answer 1

自己翻得，如果满意，请选择最佳答案喔~~

随着越来越多的国家要求高中生在毕业前就通过能力测试，已经有证据表明舞弊现象也越来越多。很多教育工作者十分担心监考老师间的不诚实行为。因而他们发起了一系列管理舞弊行为的运动。然后，尽管他们做出努力，舞弊行为在高中以及大学学生中持续蔓延。这个广泛存在的问题已经引起了众多的争论。一些专家认为这个现象与整个美国社会的变化有关。不像从前，现在的美国很大程度上是一个陌生人的国度。而且，道德价值观也没有如同在“过去又美好的时光”中一样，在学生中传授和强调。

作者珍妮特·格雷厄姆，写了赞扬的好处，告诉我们赞扬性的评语事实上比批评性的评语更有建设性。她清楚地回忆了她当女服务员的第一天。正当她感到疲惫不堪而像辞职时，一位她服侍的先生的赞扬瞬间扫除了她的疲劳。根据格雷厄姆的观点，对于那些值得人欣赏的脏活苦，尽管做的好时说些表扬的话是很容易的，但人们常常会忽略掉。如果没有人在背后偶尔给你一个鼓励，你会很容易便感到意懒心灰，尤其是在面对那些工作上的常规工作和家里枯燥的家务活时。

Answer 2

至道元年，又担任给事中。这时候太宗在位已经很久了，冯拯等上奏请求立储君协助皇帝，皇帝非常生气，将他们贬斥到岭南，朝廷内外在没有敢说这件事的人。寇