英语的一般过去时有哪些
英语的一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last week, last night, last year, last month, in 2003, three years ago等。
一般过去时的基本结构:
1、肯定句“主语+动词过去式+其他”或者“主语+was/were+其他”。
例:I went to Sanya last year.我去年去了三亚。
2、否定句“主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他”或“主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他”。
例:I didn’t go to Sanya last year.去年我没有去三亚。
3、一般疑问句“Did+主语+动词原形+其他?” 或者“Was/Were+主语+其他?”
例:Did you go to Sanya last year? 你们去年去了三亚吗?
4、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
例:What did you do last year? 去年你去干什么了?
扩展资料:
一般过去时的记忆口诀:
一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。否定句很简单,didn't 站动原前,其它部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变,did放句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站立。特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,常和过去的时间状语连用。
参考资料来源:百度百科-一般过去时
英语的一般过去时有:
1、一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般不强调动作的影响,只说明的事情。
句式:主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它
例句:
I had a word with Julia this morning.
今天早晨,我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。
He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.
他没有戒烟的那阵子,抽烟抽得可凶了。
2、一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如:yesterday,last week ,in the past ,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when 等等。
注意:在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。
例句:
He was dead in 1990.
他死于1990年。
3、表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。
例句:
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.
那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。
4、表示在此之前一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。
例句:
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.
彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她是否常带着伞。)
比较:
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.
彼得太太总是带着一把伞。(说明这是她的习惯,表明她仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)
Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.
彼得太太总是带着一把伞。(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)
5、如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而不那样做了)
例句:
He used to drink alcohol.
他过去喝酒。(意味着他不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)
I used to take a walk in the morning.
我过去是在早晨散步。(意味着不在早晨散步了)
比较:
I took a walk in the morning.
我曾经在早晨散过步。(只是说明过去这一动作)
I never drank wine.
我以前从不喝酒。(不涉及到说明现在是否喝酒)
6、有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国学生往往出错,要特别注意!
例句:
I didn''t know you were in Paris.
我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)
I thought you were ill.
我以为你病了呢。(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是我知道现在你没病)
参考资料来源:百度百科-一般过去时
(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 ed ,如:
work—worked; play—played;want— wanted; act—acted
(2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 d,如:
live—lived; move—moved; decide—decided; decline—declined; hope—hoped;
(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 ed,如:
stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
(5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was,are-were ,see-saw,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent, eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew,
put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew,
以上的(1)至(4)条中的发音均有改变,具体分别有/d/ /t/ /id/。
而不规则动词的过去式的发音则略有不同,但是有些还是按照一定规律变化的。如以上的:make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,bring-brought,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent,give-gave,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew,put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew。
仔细看一看,能发现它们的一些变化规律,也就是说不需要死记硬背这些过去式,知道了原型和变化规律,就可以写出来了。有的变化部分读音也是有规律的。分类记忆是对学习过去式很有帮助的!
编辑本段
用法:
(1)
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。
一般过去时的用法一.概念:一般过去时是表示在过去的时间里发生的动作或状态,通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
二.时间状语:yesterday, the day before yesterday, two days ago, long long ago,a minute ago,last year(week, month), just now, at that time, in those days.
三.过去时的用法:1.有确定的过去时间状语时要用过去式。
例:We had a good time last week.
2.表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去式。
例:The boy closed the door, turned off the window, and then went to bed.
3. 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作,要用过去式。
例:She often came to help me at that time.
四.一般过去式的构成形式:☆Be动词的过去式: (1)肯定句:主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were)
例:He was ill yesterday. She was nine two years ago.They were my students long long ago.
(2)否定句:主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were)+ not
例:He was not ill yesterday.She was not nine two years ago.They were not my students long long ago.
(3)一般疑问句:直接把be动词提到句首。
例:Was he ill yesterday?
肯定回答:Yes, he was.
否定回答:No, he wasn't.Was she nine two years ago? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.Were they your students long long ago? Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.
☆实意动词的过去式:(1)肯定句:主语+动词的过去式
例:He played football last week.She watched TV last night.
(2)否定句:主语+ did not +动词原形
例:He did not play football last week.She didn’t watch TV last night.
(3)一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形 例:Did he play football last week?
回答:Yes, he did./ No, he didn't.
Did she watch TV last night?
回答:Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
五.动词变过去式的几种常用规则:1.一般动词直接+ ed;
例:look--looked want--wanted listen --listened
2.以e结尾的词直接+ d;例:live--lived phone--phoned
3.以辅音字母加y结尾, 变y为i加ed;例:try--tried study--studied
4.重读闭音节结尾的,词尾只有一个辅音字母,双写词尾辅音字母+ ed;例:stop--stopped plan--planned
5.不规则动词: 动词由原形转变为过去式时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词。小学常见的动词不规则过去式如:是be/is/am/are- was, 是are- were, 来come-came, 去go- went, 有have- had, 做/干do- did, 做make- made 读read- read, 放put- put, 切割cut- cut,写write- wrote, 带走take- took, 买buy- bought, 带来bring- brought,想think- thought, 看见see- saw, 说say- said, 说话speak- spoke,打破break- broke, 得到get- got, 跑run- ran, 告诉tell- told,唱sing- sang, 喝drink- drank, 吃eat- ate, 游泳swim- swam,开始begin- began, 偷steal- stole, 遇见meet- met, 卖sell- sold, 坐sit- sat,跑run-ran,读read-read,想要want-want,知道know/known,fall-fell等等
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。I stayed at home,yesterday.昨天,我整日呆在家里.
(2)
一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。
时间标志:yesterday(昨天), last weekend(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语。
如:
I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。
When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。
I went to the park last weekend. (我是上周去的公园)
在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;
第二句和第三句属于实义动词go的一般过去时态。
1. Be 动词的一般过去时态
在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.
构成:
肯定句:主语+was (were) +表语
如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。)
否定句:主语+was (were) +not+表语
如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)
疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+表语
如: Was you sick yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)
肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。)
否定回答: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语
如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?
定义:
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.
---She ate three apples yesterday.
---昨天她吃了三个苹果.
2.表示过去经常或过去反复发生的动作
--(也可与often,always等频度的时间状语连用)
---He always got up very early when he was young.
---年轻的时候他每天总是起得很早.
谓语形式:
(1)did(动词的过去式)
---She was a student two years ago.
---两年前她是一个学生.
(这件事情已经过去了,所以be动词is要用 过去式:was)
---They were students two years ago.
---两年前他们是学生.
(这件事情已经过去了,所以be动词are要用 过去式:were)
---She ate three apples yesterday.
---昨天她吃了三个苹果.
(这件事情已经过去了,所以动词eat要用 过去式:ate)
---I did my homework promptly.
---我及时的完成了作业.
(这件事情已经过去了,所以动词do要用 过去式:did)
(do homework 做作业)
(2)was(were)+done(过去时的被动语态)
---The picture was painted two years ago.
---这幅图在两年前画的.
(这件事情已经过去了,图是被绘画的,所以用过去时的被动态.)
句子结构:
(1)
肯定句: 主语+be动词(was,were)+其他
---She was a student two years ago.
---两年前她是一个学生.
否定句: 主语+be not(was not, were not)+其他
---She was not a student two years ago.
---两年前她不是一个学生.
疑问句: Be动词(Was/Were)+主语+其他
---Was she a student two years ago?
---两年前她是一个学生吗?
(2)
肯定句: 主语+动词的过去式+其他
---She ate three apples yesterday.
---昨天她吃了三个苹果.
否定句: 主语+did not+动词原型+其他
---She did not eat three apples yesterday.
---昨天她没吃三个苹果.
疑问句: Did+主语+动词原型+其他
---Did she eat three apples yesterday?
---昨天她吃了三个苹果吗?
注意:
wasn't 是 was not 的缩写.
weren't 是 were not 的缩写.
didn't 是did not 的缩写.
常用的时间状语:
yesterday昨天,two days ago,three days ago(两年前,三年前)等等.
long ago很久以前
last + week(year, night, month…)上一周,去年,昨晚,上个月等等.
in 1989,in 2008等等.
a moment ago 刚才,just now 刚才.
when he was young 当他年轻的时候百度地图
一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)
概念:表示过去某个时间内(或某一段时间内)发生的动作或存在的状态,过去经常或反复发生的动作。
时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…),in
1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构:主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词。
否定形式:主语 + was/were + not + 其他(在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词)。
一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
例句:She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。
I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。
一般将来时