定语从句as和which的区别
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定语从句as和which的区别:意思不同、用法不同、侧重点不同
一、意思不同
1.as意思:作为;如同
2.which意思:哪一个;哪些
二、用法不同
1.as用法:当两个主语的动作是同时发生的时候,主句和从句的谓语动词都可以用进行时态或一般式,无论动作长短;当两件事发生的时间间隔很短,甚至没有时间间隔时,主句和从句均用一般过去时。
例句:
As a cub reporter he would learn the facts of life in the newspaper world.
作为一名初出茅庐的记者,他要了解报界生涯的内幕。
2.which用法:用作关系代词,可引导限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从句,引导非限制性定语从句时which可以用整个主句作为其前行词,相当于and that,有时还可引导不定式短语从句。
例句:
Which are the best headache tablets?
哪些药片治头痛最好?
三、侧重点不同
1.as侧重点:用于一般现在时。
2.which侧重点:用于一般现在时或一般将来时。
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as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
这类定语从句只能由 which 或 as 引导。两者之间的区别在于:
1. which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后,但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。如:
David, as you know, is a photograopher. 戴维是个摄影师,你是知道的。(不可用which)
Li Ming is late, as is often the case. 李明迟到了,这事是经常发生的。(不可用which)
2. as在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语通常要有be或别的系动词,但which不受此限制。如:
Li Ming was late, which (=and this) made Mr. Zhang very angry. 李明迟到了,这件事使张先生非常生气。(不可用as)
3. as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事,但 which 不受此限制。如:
He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了,这是出乎意料的。(不可用as)
4. as有“正如”之意,而which则意为“这(件事,一点)”,可用and this/that/it来代替。
5. as多用于固定搭配中:as is often the case(这是常有的事),as was expected(不出所料),as often happens(正如经常发生的那样),as is known to all(众所周知),as has been said before(如上所述),as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。
注:which 代表整个句子,还可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion等。如:
I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone you. 我可能得晚点下班,那样我会给你打电话的。
这类定语从句只能由 which 或 as 引导。两者之间的区别在于:
1. which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后,但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。如:
David, as you know, is a photograopher. 戴维是个摄影师,你是知道的。(不可用which)
Li Ming is late, as is often the case. 李明迟到了,这事是经常发生的。(不可用which)
2. as在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语通常要有be或别的系动词,但which不受此限制。如:
Li Ming was late, which (=and this) made Mr. Zhang very angry. 李明迟到了,这件事使张先生非常生气。(不可用as)
3. as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事,但 which 不受此限制。如:
He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了,这是出乎意料的。(不可用as)
4. as有“正如”之意,而which则意为“这(件事,一点)”,可用and this/that/it来代替。
5. as多用于固定搭配中:as is often the case(这是常有的事),as was expected(不出所料),as often happens(正如经常发生的那样),as is known to all(众所周知),as has been said before(如上所述),as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。
注:which 代表整个句子,还可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion等。如:
I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone you. 我可能得晚点下班,那样我会给你打电话的。
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1. as引导的从句表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论
引导定语从句时,as仍具有“正如,像,由……可知”等意思,翻译时有时可不必译出。as定语从句常含有这些动词:see, know, hear, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expect, guess等,这类动词与as连用几乎成了一种固定搭配。as引导的此类从句可以置于句首、句中或句尾。如:
The famous magician Liu Qian, as we all know, is from Taiwan. 众所周知,著名魔术师刘谦是台湾人。
There is a net bar around here, as I remember. 我记得这儿附近有一家网吧。
As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪,这是常见的情况。
2. which引导的从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明,表明事物的状态或结果
which此时指前面主句所提到的这件事,常译为“这一点,这件事”等。这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。注意,它引导的从句不像as那样位置灵活,它只能位于主句的后面。如:
He changed his mind again, which made us all angry. 他又改变了主意,这使我们大家都生气了。
She tore up my photos, which (=and that) upset me.她撕碎了我的照片,这使我很不安。
3. 在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时,要用which,不用as
Jenny might come, in which case I'll ask her. 詹妮可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问她。
She graduated from a local middle school, after which she went to Beijing University. 她毕业于当地的一所中学,之后她去了北京大学。
4. 当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时,一般用which而不用as
He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand. 他假装不认识我,这是我搞不明白的。
He admires everyone in his class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕班里的每个学生,我认为太奇怪了。
引导定语从句时,as仍具有“正如,像,由……可知”等意思,翻译时有时可不必译出。as定语从句常含有这些动词:see, know, hear, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expect, guess等,这类动词与as连用几乎成了一种固定搭配。as引导的此类从句可以置于句首、句中或句尾。如:
The famous magician Liu Qian, as we all know, is from Taiwan. 众所周知,著名魔术师刘谦是台湾人。
There is a net bar around here, as I remember. 我记得这儿附近有一家网吧。
As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪,这是常见的情况。
2. which引导的从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明,表明事物的状态或结果
which此时指前面主句所提到的这件事,常译为“这一点,这件事”等。这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。注意,它引导的从句不像as那样位置灵活,它只能位于主句的后面。如:
He changed his mind again, which made us all angry. 他又改变了主意,这使我们大家都生气了。
She tore up my photos, which (=and that) upset me.她撕碎了我的照片,这使我很不安。
3. 在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时,要用which,不用as
Jenny might come, in which case I'll ask her. 詹妮可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问她。
She graduated from a local middle school, after which she went to Beijing University. 她毕业于当地的一所中学,之后她去了北京大学。
4. 当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时,一般用which而不用as
He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand. 他假装不认识我,这是我搞不明白的。
He admires everyone in his class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕班里的每个学生,我认为太奇怪了。
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主要区别有两点:
1, as 引导的定语从句可置主句之前。如:
As you know, the earth is round. 正如你们所知道的,地球是圆的。
1, as 引导的定语从句可置主句之前。如:
As you know, the earth is round. 正如你们所知道的,地球是圆的。
追答
2,as常常含有"正如,正像"的意思。
如:He seems a foreigner, as in fact he is. 他似乎是个外国人,而他实际上的确是个外国人。(正如他实际上那样)
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