有对考研非常了解的人嘛,比如都有什么学科能考研 20
展开全部
2016考研英语阅读文章精细分析
2015年3月份一开学,各位学子迎来了新的学期,这也就意味着考研复习基础阶段的黄金时期到来了,所以各位学子一定要抓住这段黄金复习期,提高自己的英语基础水平。
考研英语基础阶段的主要任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句。但是背单词是各位考生最为头疼的事情。与此同时,长难句由于缺乏语境也很难理解。面对此种情况,万学海文为各位学子推荐一种轻松记忆单词和长难句的好方法。在这个阶段,各位学子可以认真研读1994-2003年的真题,从真题中汲取营养,攻克词汇和语法长难句。7月份之前,如果各位考生能够将10年47篇文章做到精读,相信大家的词汇和语法长难句一定会有大的突破,并且为强化阶段的学习奠定坚实的基础。
基础阶段精读复习方法及步骤:
1 快速浏览选项,把握文章主题
2 精读各段落,攻克词汇和语法长难句
3 作答题目,理解文章含义
4 翻译全文,再次巩固复习词汇和语法长难句
下面我们为各位学子精细分析1994年Text2
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon—it’s already here.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
5. According to the text, the credit card enables its owner to ________.
[A] withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes
[B] obtain more convenient services than other people do
[C] enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper
[D] cash money wherever he wishes to
6. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that ________.
[A] in the future all the Americans will use credit cards
[B] credit cards are mainly used in the United States today
[C] nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash
[D] it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before
7. The phrase “ring up sales” (Para. 2) most probably means “________”.
[A] make an order of goods [B] record sales on a cash register
[C] call the sales manager [D] keep track of the goods in stock
8. What is this text mainly about?
[A] Approaches to the commercial use of computers.
[B] Conveniences brought about by computers in business.
[C] Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.
[D] Advantages of credit cards in business.
一、 快速浏览选项,把握文章主题
根据题干中“the credit card”, “its owners”, “sales”这些词可知本文与信用卡的使用紧密关联,并且可以推知本文主题一定与经济有关。
二、精读各段落,攻克词汇和语法长难句
词汇精解
(1) issue (v.) 流出,放出,发行,颁布;(n.)发行物,(报刊)期号,问题,争端;issued (a.) 由……发行的 如:bank- ~银行发行的
(2) automatic (a.) 自动的,无意识的,机械的;(n.)自动机械;
(3) available (a.) 可以利用的,可得到的,可见到的,随时可来的; (4) cashless (a.) 无现款的,无钱的;cash (n.)现金;(v.)兑换现金;cashier (n.) 出纳
(5) horizon (n.) 地平线,眼界,见识,on the ~即将来到,已露端倪的;horizontal (a.)
(6) accordingly (adv.) 相应地,因此,从而,照着(办);accordance (n.) 一致,in ~ with与……一致;~ to按照,根据
(7) promotional (a.) 推销的,促销的,提升的,促进的,~campaigns促销活动;promotion (n.),promote (v.)
(8) stock (n.)备料,库存,现货,股票,公债,in~现有
(9) on hand 在手边(随时可用);in hand 在手中,在控制下;out of hand无法控制,无纪律
(10) utilities (n.)公用事业,公用事业公司,utility (n.)效用,有用;utilize (v.)
长难句精解
①This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.
这个句子里有by引导的方式状语,其中which items are being sold 以及how fast they are moving都是showing的宾语成分,keep track of sth.意为“与……保持接触;跟上……的进度或发展;跟踪……”。
译文:通过被售商品的种类及其销售速度等信息的显示,商家能够随时了解其商品的情况。
②At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly.
句子的主干是computers record which… and which…,其中有两个并列的which引导的宾语从句,逗号后是一个allowing引导的分词结构,修饰整个主句,相当于which allows…。最后的accordingly意为:相应地,按照所说的情形,
译文:同时这些计算机记录哪些时间段是销售高峰和哪些员工最有效率,从而可以相应地调整员工工作任务的分派。
③Numerous other commercial enterprises , from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors , bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
该句的特点是有两个插入语“from… to…”对主语进行补充说明,主干应该是“enterprises bring… to…”。
译文:许多其他商业企业,从剧院到杂志社、从燃气电器公司到牛奶加工厂都通过计算机的使用给消费者提供更好、更高效的服务。
三、作答题目,理解文章含义
5.【答案】B
【解析】事实细节题。本文第一段通过一系列的实例说明信用卡(credit card)给其使用者带来的诸多方便。通过该段第二句“信用卡持有者可以在商店、饭店、宾馆,在当地、外地甚至在国外自动刷卡,同时信用卡还可以使他们得到银行提供的许多服务”可以看出,B选项全面准确地归纳和概括了原文思想,因此为正确答案。
虽然原文指出信用卡持有者可以不受地域和时间的限制去存钱取钱,但是这并不意味着愿取多少就取多少。因此A选项不正确。C选项是文中未提及的内容,原文中未对持卡者和未持卡者的信誉度进行比较。况且,这也不符合事实。无论是持信用卡还是支付现金,顾客在购物时都享受同等的信誉。D选项错在wherever(无论在什么地方),试问在没有银行的地方或是未开通信用卡的地方怎能够兑取现金呢?
注意:解此题的关键是定位到具体的一句话
6.【答案】C
【解析】词义句意题。本题考查考生对第一段最后一句的理解。该段最后一句指出“对于我们很多人来说,‘无现钞的社会’不是即将来临,而是已经到来”。C选项是对此句的改写,nowadays与原句时态相符,many Americans与for many of us一致,do not pay in cash与cashless society一致,因此C为正确答案。
A选项中的in the future与原句时间it is already here不符;况且all the Americans也过于绝对。B选项的内容原文未提及;而且它与本段第二句谈到的可以在国外使用信用卡的事实相悖。D选项亦无法从该句推论。
命题意图要求考生理解某句话的内涵,弄清楚它的每个单词、表达方式和整句话传达的信息。有时可以借助离得不远的上下文的句子去理解。
7.【答案】B
【解析】词义句意题。该短语出现在第二段第二句electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales。第二段主要列举了电子收银机(cash register)的用途。第三句提到电子收银机可以进行各种各样的记录。从上下文我们可以知道ring up sales是电子收银机的基本工作,即“将销售情况记入收款机”,这与B选项相符。
在不知ring up 意思的情况,也可以通过sales去排除选项。sales为“销售商品”,而不是“商品贸易”、“销售经理”或“库存商品”,因此B选项最可能正确,A、C和D选项都相差太远。
命题意图要求考生根据上下文判断生词的含义。
8.【答案】B
【解析】主旨题。本题同样要求首先了解各段主旨,以便总结概括文章中心。本文首先从信用卡的应用谈论计算机给消费者带来的便利,随后述及计算机给销售商带来的便利,最后指出计算机的应用范围很广。因此B选项是文章主要讨论的话题,为正确答案。
A选项和C选项中的“应用方法”和“意义”都不是本文探讨的对象。D选项仅仅是文章第一段的内容,作者通过它是想说明计算机的应用给消费者带来的诸多方便这一主旨,因此A不具有概括性。
四、 翻译全文,再次巩固复习词汇和语法长难句
1.3亿美国人的手中至少持有一家银行发行的信用卡。信用卡持有者可在商店、饭店、宾馆,当地、外地甚至国外赊购货物,同时信用卡还可以使他们享受银行提供的许多服务。越来越多的信用卡可以自动读取,于是持卡人就可以在不同地方存取,不管本地支行是否营业。对于我们很多人来说,“无现钞的社会”不是即将来临,而是已经到来。
计算机为消费者提供诸多便利的同时,也给商家带来了很多优势。电子收银机能做的远不止记录销售额,它们可进行各种各样的记录,包括谁卖了什么,何时卖的,卖给了谁。通过被售商品的种类及其销售速度等信息的显示,商家能够随时了解其商品的情况。然后卖家便可以做出是再定货还是把商品退给供应商的决定。同时这些计算机记录哪些时间段是销售高峰和哪些员工最有效率,从而可以相应地调整员工工作任务的分派。此外,他们还可以确定偏爱的顾客群进行促销活动。基于同样的原因,生产商们也依赖计算机。计算机分析的营销报告能有助于决定目前应重点生产哪些商品,将来开发哪些产品,应停止生产哪些产品。计算机跟踪库存商品,现有原材料甚至生产过程本身。
许多其他商业企业,从剧院到杂志社、从燃气电器公司到牛奶加工厂都通过计算机的使用给消费者提供更好、更高效的服务。
2015年3月份一开学,各位学子迎来了新的学期,这也就意味着考研复习基础阶段的黄金时期到来了,所以各位学子一定要抓住这段黄金复习期,提高自己的英语基础水平。
考研英语基础阶段的主要任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句。但是背单词是各位考生最为头疼的事情。与此同时,长难句由于缺乏语境也很难理解。面对此种情况,万学海文为各位学子推荐一种轻松记忆单词和长难句的好方法。在这个阶段,各位学子可以认真研读1994-2003年的真题,从真题中汲取营养,攻克词汇和语法长难句。7月份之前,如果各位考生能够将10年47篇文章做到精读,相信大家的词汇和语法长难句一定会有大的突破,并且为强化阶段的学习奠定坚实的基础。
基础阶段精读复习方法及步骤:
1 快速浏览选项,把握文章主题
2 精读各段落,攻克词汇和语法长难句
3 作答题目,理解文章含义
4 翻译全文,再次巩固复习词汇和语法长难句
下面我们为各位学子精细分析1994年Text2
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon—it’s already here.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
5. According to the text, the credit card enables its owner to ________.
[A] withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes
[B] obtain more convenient services than other people do
[C] enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper
[D] cash money wherever he wishes to
6. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that ________.
[A] in the future all the Americans will use credit cards
[B] credit cards are mainly used in the United States today
[C] nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash
[D] it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before
7. The phrase “ring up sales” (Para. 2) most probably means “________”.
[A] make an order of goods [B] record sales on a cash register
[C] call the sales manager [D] keep track of the goods in stock
8. What is this text mainly about?
[A] Approaches to the commercial use of computers.
[B] Conveniences brought about by computers in business.
[C] Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.
[D] Advantages of credit cards in business.
一、 快速浏览选项,把握文章主题
根据题干中“the credit card”, “its owners”, “sales”这些词可知本文与信用卡的使用紧密关联,并且可以推知本文主题一定与经济有关。
二、精读各段落,攻克词汇和语法长难句
词汇精解
(1) issue (v.) 流出,放出,发行,颁布;(n.)发行物,(报刊)期号,问题,争端;issued (a.) 由……发行的 如:bank- ~银行发行的
(2) automatic (a.) 自动的,无意识的,机械的;(n.)自动机械;
(3) available (a.) 可以利用的,可得到的,可见到的,随时可来的; (4) cashless (a.) 无现款的,无钱的;cash (n.)现金;(v.)兑换现金;cashier (n.) 出纳
(5) horizon (n.) 地平线,眼界,见识,on the ~即将来到,已露端倪的;horizontal (a.)
(6) accordingly (adv.) 相应地,因此,从而,照着(办);accordance (n.) 一致,in ~ with与……一致;~ to按照,根据
(7) promotional (a.) 推销的,促销的,提升的,促进的,~campaigns促销活动;promotion (n.),promote (v.)
(8) stock (n.)备料,库存,现货,股票,公债,in~现有
(9) on hand 在手边(随时可用);in hand 在手中,在控制下;out of hand无法控制,无纪律
(10) utilities (n.)公用事业,公用事业公司,utility (n.)效用,有用;utilize (v.)
长难句精解
①This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.
这个句子里有by引导的方式状语,其中which items are being sold 以及how fast they are moving都是showing的宾语成分,keep track of sth.意为“与……保持接触;跟上……的进度或发展;跟踪……”。
译文:通过被售商品的种类及其销售速度等信息的显示,商家能够随时了解其商品的情况。
②At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly.
句子的主干是computers record which… and which…,其中有两个并列的which引导的宾语从句,逗号后是一个allowing引导的分词结构,修饰整个主句,相当于which allows…。最后的accordingly意为:相应地,按照所说的情形,
译文:同时这些计算机记录哪些时间段是销售高峰和哪些员工最有效率,从而可以相应地调整员工工作任务的分派。
③Numerous other commercial enterprises , from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors , bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
该句的特点是有两个插入语“from… to…”对主语进行补充说明,主干应该是“enterprises bring… to…”。
译文:许多其他商业企业,从剧院到杂志社、从燃气电器公司到牛奶加工厂都通过计算机的使用给消费者提供更好、更高效的服务。
三、作答题目,理解文章含义
5.【答案】B
【解析】事实细节题。本文第一段通过一系列的实例说明信用卡(credit card)给其使用者带来的诸多方便。通过该段第二句“信用卡持有者可以在商店、饭店、宾馆,在当地、外地甚至在国外自动刷卡,同时信用卡还可以使他们得到银行提供的许多服务”可以看出,B选项全面准确地归纳和概括了原文思想,因此为正确答案。
虽然原文指出信用卡持有者可以不受地域和时间的限制去存钱取钱,但是这并不意味着愿取多少就取多少。因此A选项不正确。C选项是文中未提及的内容,原文中未对持卡者和未持卡者的信誉度进行比较。况且,这也不符合事实。无论是持信用卡还是支付现金,顾客在购物时都享受同等的信誉。D选项错在wherever(无论在什么地方),试问在没有银行的地方或是未开通信用卡的地方怎能够兑取现金呢?
注意:解此题的关键是定位到具体的一句话
6.【答案】C
【解析】词义句意题。本题考查考生对第一段最后一句的理解。该段最后一句指出“对于我们很多人来说,‘无现钞的社会’不是即将来临,而是已经到来”。C选项是对此句的改写,nowadays与原句时态相符,many Americans与for many of us一致,do not pay in cash与cashless society一致,因此C为正确答案。
A选项中的in the future与原句时间it is already here不符;况且all the Americans也过于绝对。B选项的内容原文未提及;而且它与本段第二句谈到的可以在国外使用信用卡的事实相悖。D选项亦无法从该句推论。
命题意图要求考生理解某句话的内涵,弄清楚它的每个单词、表达方式和整句话传达的信息。有时可以借助离得不远的上下文的句子去理解。
7.【答案】B
【解析】词义句意题。该短语出现在第二段第二句electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales。第二段主要列举了电子收银机(cash register)的用途。第三句提到电子收银机可以进行各种各样的记录。从上下文我们可以知道ring up sales是电子收银机的基本工作,即“将销售情况记入收款机”,这与B选项相符。
在不知ring up 意思的情况,也可以通过sales去排除选项。sales为“销售商品”,而不是“商品贸易”、“销售经理”或“库存商品”,因此B选项最可能正确,A、C和D选项都相差太远。
命题意图要求考生根据上下文判断生词的含义。
8.【答案】B
【解析】主旨题。本题同样要求首先了解各段主旨,以便总结概括文章中心。本文首先从信用卡的应用谈论计算机给消费者带来的便利,随后述及计算机给销售商带来的便利,最后指出计算机的应用范围很广。因此B选项是文章主要讨论的话题,为正确答案。
A选项和C选项中的“应用方法”和“意义”都不是本文探讨的对象。D选项仅仅是文章第一段的内容,作者通过它是想说明计算机的应用给消费者带来的诸多方便这一主旨,因此A不具有概括性。
四、 翻译全文,再次巩固复习词汇和语法长难句
1.3亿美国人的手中至少持有一家银行发行的信用卡。信用卡持有者可在商店、饭店、宾馆,当地、外地甚至国外赊购货物,同时信用卡还可以使他们享受银行提供的许多服务。越来越多的信用卡可以自动读取,于是持卡人就可以在不同地方存取,不管本地支行是否营业。对于我们很多人来说,“无现钞的社会”不是即将来临,而是已经到来。
计算机为消费者提供诸多便利的同时,也给商家带来了很多优势。电子收银机能做的远不止记录销售额,它们可进行各种各样的记录,包括谁卖了什么,何时卖的,卖给了谁。通过被售商品的种类及其销售速度等信息的显示,商家能够随时了解其商品的情况。然后卖家便可以做出是再定货还是把商品退给供应商的决定。同时这些计算机记录哪些时间段是销售高峰和哪些员工最有效率,从而可以相应地调整员工工作任务的分派。此外,他们还可以确定偏爱的顾客群进行促销活动。基于同样的原因,生产商们也依赖计算机。计算机分析的营销报告能有助于决定目前应重点生产哪些商品,将来开发哪些产品,应停止生产哪些产品。计算机跟踪库存商品,现有原材料甚至生产过程本身。
许多其他商业企业,从剧院到杂志社、从燃气电器公司到牛奶加工厂都通过计算机的使用给消费者提供更好、更高效的服务。
推荐律师服务:
若未解决您的问题,请您详细描述您的问题,通过百度律临进行免费专业咨询