Question

英语语法

什么情况下用to do,什么情况下用doing.（详细一些，拜托）

Answer 1

[动词不定式与动名词区别与联系]

一、 动名词与不定式的区别：
　　动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
　不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
二、 接不定式或动名词，意义相同
3)在下列情况下，一般要用不定式： 　
　①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee. 　
　②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，
如：Thestudents are starting to work on the di fficult maths problem. 　
　③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，
如：I soon began to understand what was happening. 　
　⒋）、advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：
　Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake.
　 Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake. 　
　5）、 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
　　①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。
　　Don't forget fo post the letter for me. 　　Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? 　
　Remember to close the windows before you leave.
　I remember writing him a letter a year ago. 　
　We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting. 　
　They regretted ordering these books from abroad.
三、动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组
　1　stop to do　stop doing　 　　2 forget to do　forget doing 　
　3　remember to do　remember doing　 　　4 regret to do　regret doing 　
　5　cease to do　cease doing　 　　6 try to do　try doing 　
　7　go on to do　go on doing　 　　8 afraid to do　afraid doing 　
　9　interested to do　interested doing　 　　10 mean to do　mean doing 　
　11 begin/ start to do　begin/ start doing
1、 forget doing/to do
　　forget to do　忘记要去做某事。　(未做) 　　forget doing　忘记做过某事。　(已做) 　
　The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 　
　办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) 　
　He forgot turning the light off. 　　他忘记他已经关了灯了。　( 已做过关灯的动作) 　
　Don't forget to come tomorrow. 　　别忘了明天来。　(to come动作未做) 　
　典型例题 　　---- The light in the office is still on. 　　---- Oh，I forgot___.　 　
　A. turning it off　B. turn it off　C. to turn it off　D. having turned 　　it off 　
　答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth. 　
　而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2 、 stop doing/to do
　　stop to do　停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。 　　stop doing　停止做某事。 　
　They stop to smoke a cigarette.　他们停下来，抽了根烟。 　
　I must stop smoking..　我必须戒烟了。 　
　典型例题 　　　She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___　on a big rock by the 　　side of the path.　
　　A. to have rested　B. resting　C. to rest　D. rest 　
　答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择"stop to do sth. 　
　停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。
3、 remember doing/to do
　　remember to do 记得去做某事　(未做) 　　remember doing　记得做过某事　(已做) 　
　Remember to go to the post office after school. 　　记着放学后去趟邮局。　
　Don't you remember seeing the man before? 　　你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4、 regret doing/to do
　　regret to do　对要做的事遗憾。　(未做) 　　regret doing　对做过的事遗憾、后悔。　(已做) 　
　I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 　　我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
　　I don't regret telling her what I thought.　　　我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。　
　典型例题 　　---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. 　
　---Well, now I regret ___ that. 　
　A. to do　B. to be doing　C.　to have done　D.　having done 　　答案：D。regret having done sth.
对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 　　对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。
5、 cease doing/to do
　　cease to do　长时间，甚至永远停做某事。 　　cease doing　短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。
　　That department has ceased to exist forever. 　　那个部门已不复存在。　
　The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。
6 、try doing/to do
　　try to do　努力，企图做某事。 　　try doing　试验，试着做某事。 　
　 You must try to be more careful. 　　你可要多加小心。 　
　I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 　　我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
7、go on doing/to do
　　go on to do　做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。 　　go on doing　继续做原来做的事。
　　After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后，他接着去做物理。 　
　Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 　　作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
8、 be afraid doing/to do
　　be afraid to do　不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"； 　
　be afraid of doing　担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。 　
　She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being 　　bitten by a snake.
　　她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。 　
　She was afraid to wake her husband. 　　她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。 　
　She was afraid of waking her husband. 　　她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
　　.
9、 be interested doing/to do
　　interested to do　对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。 　　interested in doing　对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。
　　I shall be interested to know what happens. 　　我很想知道发生了什么事。 (想了解) 　
　I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that? 　
　我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗?　(一种想法)
10、 mean to doing/to do
　　mean to do　打算、想 　　mean doing　意味着 　　I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 　
　我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。 　
　To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 　　赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
11、 begin(start) doing/to do
　　begin / start to do sth 　　begin / start doing sth. 　
　1)　谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing. 　
　How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 　　你几岁时开始弹钢琴？ 　
　2)　begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do 　
　I was beginning to get angry。 　　我开始生起气来。 　
　3)　在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。 　
　I begin to understand the truth。 　　我开始明白真相。 　
　4)　物作主语时 　　It began to melt.

希望会对你有帮助..

Answer 2

情况很多，to do和doing形式可以用于作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语，基本都说完了。你的问题太抽象了，我只能概括性地答。

Answer 3

to do:我觉得去做某某事是怎样的；例如：I think it is interesting to do my homework.我觉得做家庭作业是有趣的
doing:正在做某事时,一般用在问句中，回答时动词需加ing，其他单词用一般现在时；例如：What are you doing? I am watching TV.

Answer 4

正在做的用doing。比如说，我来了。是正在进行的。i'm coming。

Answer 5

hear,feel...something------ing
tell,ask,order.....somebody---to do