Question

直接引语怎么变成间接引语

Answer 1

引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等。
　　1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。例如：
　　She said, “I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me.
　　He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students.
　　2. 直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。例如：
　　He asked me, “Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.
　　He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come.
　　注意：大多数情况下， if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether。例如：
　　She asked me whether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not.
　　3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：
　　He asked: “Where are you to get off, John?” →He asked John where he was to get off.
　　My sister asked me, “How do you like the play?”→My sister asked me how I liked the play.
　　Tom asked me, “Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me, “Who was the boy over there?”
　　4. 直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气)，tell(一般语气)，order (命令语气)或warn, advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成。如：
　　He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day.
　　“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog.
　　5. 直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态的变化：如：
　　1) Betty said, “Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→
　　Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时
　　2) He said, “I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→
　　He said he would go to London next week. 过去将来时
　　3) My mother said, “I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→
　　My mother said she had already cleaned the house. 过去完成时
　　注意:
　　1. 直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。例如：
　　They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
　　2. 直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。如：this→that, these→those, now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, last year→the year before, ago→before, here→there come→go等。例如：
　　He said, “I haven’t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn’t seen them that day.
　　但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
　　3. 间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。

Answer 2

next / following would give 语序，这一点非常重要。 　　He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”——> 　　He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. 　　He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?”——> 　　He asked whether I was interested in English. 　　3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…. 如： 　　He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”——> 　　He asked me whether I spoke English or French.. 　　I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”——> 　　I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 　　4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如： 　　He asked，“What's your name?”——> He asked（me）what my name was. 　　He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”——> 　　He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 　　5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, orde-r, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如： 　　He said，“Be seated, please.”——> He asked us to be seated. 　　“Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said. ——> 　　He told me to be careful with my handwriting. 　　“Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. ——> 　　The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again. 　　“Don't touch anything in the lab without permission,” the teacher said. ——> 　　The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission. 　　6）有些含有“建议”——>、“劝告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如： 　　He said, “Let's have a rest.”——> He suggested our having a rest. 　　He said, “Let me help you.”——> He offered to help me. 　　7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise s-b. to do sth. 等形式转述。如： 　　“Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. ——>He asked me to open the door. 　　“Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. ——> 　　He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk. 　　8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如： 　　She said, “What a lovely day it is!”——> She said what a lovely day it was. 或She said that it was a lov-ely day. 　　嵌套间接引语的从句： 　　如果间接引语当中还镶嵌有另一句从句，则被称为嵌套间接引语的从句，英文叫：the subordinate clause i-n indirect statement。这时，这样的从句要使用虚拟语气。从句动词的时态与主句动词的时态相关联。如： 　　Dux dicebat militem qui fugisset poenas daturum esse. 统帅曾常说，那个逃跑的士兵将要受到惩罚。 　　qui fugisset[逃跑] 是一句关系从句，修饰militem “士兵”，由于处在dicebat [说]后面的间接引语当中，因此需使用虚拟语气。间接引语的动词是不定式 daturum esse[将受到]，为将来时，因为动作发生在主句动词“说”之后，而 fugisset [逃跑]为虚拟语气的过去完成时，表示在统帅“说话”之前已经逃走了
编辑本段如何变成间接引语
　　“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： 　　She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. 　　“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： 　　He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 　　“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： 　　Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。 　　变时态： 　　直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 　　现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 　　1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen 　　2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so. 　　3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 　　但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 　　①直接引语是客观真理。 　　"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The te-acher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 　　②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： 　　Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was g-oing when he met him in the street。 　　③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： 　　Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 　　④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： 　　He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 　　⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如： 　　Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 　　三、如何变状语： 　　直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yest-erday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如： 　　He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
编辑本段如何变句型
　　①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in fiv-e minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 　　②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim. 　　"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I ha-d finished the homework. 　　"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 　　③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 　　She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner. 　　④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如： 　　"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noi-se. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 　　⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句）。”如： 　　He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to s-ee the film. 　　引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如： 　　John said, "I’m going to London with my father." 　　约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语） 　　John said that he was going to London with his father. 　　约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）
编辑本段最新解答方式
转述句
　　间接引语有作转述句（或第三人称陈述句），就是把别人说给自己的话又说给另一个人！如： 　　小明对我说：“他说他要和你一起玩！就在楼下！” 　　改为转述句（或第三人称陈述句、间接引语）： 　　小明对我说，你（或者是他）说你（或者是他）要和我一起玩！就在楼下！
第三人称陈述句
　　同转述句。： 　　间接引语有作转述句（或第三人称陈述句），就是把别人说给自己的话又说给另一个人！如： 　　小明对我说：“他说他要和你一起玩！就在楼下！” 　　改为转述句（或第三人称陈述句、间接引语）： 　　小明对我说，你（或者是他）说你（或者是他）要和我一起玩！就在楼下！。、

Answer 3

直接引语改为间接引语的变化：
1.人称的变化。其规律为：一从主，二从宾，三不变。具体为：
（1）如果直接引语的主语是第一人称， 变化时，该人称与主句的主语保持一致。
如：Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→
Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past.
（2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称， 变化时，该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。
如：He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” →
He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab.
（3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称， 变化时，该人称保持不变。
2.时态的变化。
（1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句原有时态保持不变。
如：Mary says,“I went to see the movie.”
→Mary says that she went to see the movie.”
（2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态会有以下变化。
a.一般现在时→一般过去时 b.一般将来时→过去将来时 c.现在进行时→过去进行时
d.一般过去时→过去完成时 e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。
3.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化，变化见下表。
在直接引语中 在间接引语中
指示代词 this, these that, those
时间状语 now then/at that time
this week/month that week/month
yesterday the day before
last week/month the week/month before
three days/years ago three days/years before
tomorrow the next/following day
next week/month the next/following week/month
today that day
地点状语 here there
动词 come, bring go, take
情态动词 can, may, must could, might, had to
1. 时态的变化规律：现在时变成过去时；过去时变成过去完成时；一般将来时变成过去将来时。
2. 时间状语的变化规律：现在变过去；过去变过去的过去。如：now---then ; ago---before
3. 地点状语的变化规律：近的改远的。如：here---there
4. 句式的变化规律：一般疑问句要改为陈述语序，并在其前加if/whether。如：
He asked,"Do you like English?"---He asked if/ whether you liked English.
特殊疑问句要变成陈述语序，如：
He asked,"Where are you from?"----He asked me where I was from.
另外还要注意人称的变化。跟学生说清这些规律，并加以记忆，问题应该能够解决
一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
John said, "I’m going to London with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）

由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：
1． 直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-’He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1） 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2） 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don’t 变为not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don’t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
（1） 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述。例如：
He said, "Let’s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don’t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：
（1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时
（2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时
（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时
（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时
（6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时
[注意]
（1） 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
（2） 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
He said, "I’m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.

Answer 4

1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导，that可以省略。例如：
　　She said, “I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me.
　　He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students.
　　2. 直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。例如：
　　He asked me, “Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.
　　He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come.
　　注意：大多数情况下， if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether。例如：
　　She asked me whether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not.
　　3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：
　　He asked: “Where are you to get off, John?” →He asked John where he was to get off.
　　My sister asked me, “How do you like the play?”→My sister asked me how I liked the play.
　　Tom asked me, “Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me, “Who was the boy over there?”
　　4. 直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气)，tell(一般语气)，order (命令语气)或warn, advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成。如：
　　He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day.
　　“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog.
　　5. 直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态的变化（时态要向后退一步）：如：
　　1) Betty said, “Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→
　　Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时
　　2) He said, “I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→
　　He said he would go to London next week. 过去将来时
　　3) My mother said, “I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→
　　My mother said she had already cleaned the house. 过去完成时
　　注意:
　　1. 直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态就不变，直接照抄。
They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
　　2. 直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。如：this→that, these→those, now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, last year→the year before, ago→before, here→there come→go等。例如：
　　He said, “I haven’t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn’t seen them that day.
　　但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
　　3. 间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。

Answer 5

直接引语变间接引语语法讲解
一、人称
　　人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
　　“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如：
　　She said. “My brother wants to go with me.”
　　→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
　　“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如：
　　He said to Kate，"How is your sister now?"
　　→He asked Kate how her sister was then.
　　“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如：
　　Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”
　　→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.

二、时态
　　直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种过去时。
　　1. She said. “I have lost a pen.” →She said she had lost a pen.
　　　 （现在完成 à 过去完成）
　　2. She said. “We hope so.” →She said they hoped so.
　　　 (一般现在 à 一般过去)
　　3. She said,“He will go to see his friend。”
　　　 →She said he would go to see his friend. (一般将来 → 过去将来)
　　　 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
　　　 ①直接引语是客观真理。如：
　　　 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher
　　　 told me.
　　　 → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the
　　　 earth。
　　　 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
　　　 Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”
　　　 →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
　　　 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
　　　 Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 20, 1980.”
　　　 →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.
　　　 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
　　　 He said, “I get up at six every morning.”
　　　 →He said he gets up at six every morning.
　　　 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better，used to)和已经是
　　　　 过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
　　　 Peter said，“You had better come have today.”
　　　 →Peter said I had better go there that day.

三、其它
　　直接引语变间接引语，具有指代性的词也需要变化，一些具体变化如下：
　　指示代词 　　　this ---that 　　　these --- those
　　表示时间的词 　now --- then 　　　today --- that day
　　　　　　　　　 this week(month, etc.) --- that week (month, etc.)
　　　　　　　　　 yesterday --- the day before
　　　　　　　　　 last week(month) --- the week(month) before
　　　　　　　　　 three days(a year)ago --- three days(a year)before
　　　　　　　　　 tomorrow --- the next (following ) day
　　　　　　　　 　next week(month)---the next(following)week(month)
　　表地点的词 　　here --- there
　　动词 　　　　　bring --- take come --- go

四、句型：
　　①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：
　　　She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
　　　→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
　　②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语
　　　从句.如：
　　　He said, “Can you swim, John?” →He asked John if he could swim.
　　　“You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?” my mother asked.
　　　→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
　　　“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”
　　　→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
　　③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
　　　She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?”
　　　→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
　　④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。
　　　如：
　　　“Don’t make any noise,” she said to the children.
　　　→ She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.
　　　“Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.
　　　→ She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
　　⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从
　　　句）。”如：
　　　He said, “ Let’s go to the film.”
　　　→ He suggested going to the film.
　　　→ He suggested that they should go to see the film.