Question

with复合结构都啥，后面加过去分词，表被动?两个问题求详解

Answer 1

with的复合结构就是with+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语由名词或代词充当，宾语补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当

宾补可由分词充当（过去分词表被动，现在分词表主动）
with或without-名词/代词 +过去分词/现在分词
　　例句：We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的) 　　
With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)

其他的说明如下：
with或without-名词/代词+形容词
　　例句：He is used to sleeping with the windows open.
with或without-名词/代词+副词
　　例句：With the meal over, we all went home.
with或without-名词/代词+介词短语
　　例句：He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式
　　例句：With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.