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worry的用法
一、n.烦恼,忧虑,担心 [U]
例句:Mother's heart was heavy with worry for the safety of her son.
母亲担心儿子的安全,心情很沉重。
二、(使)烦恼,忧虑,担心,发愁
例句:Do not worry. I'll let you know when we arrive there.
不用担心。到了那儿我会告诉您的。
三、折磨
例句:Do not worry me with such foolish questions.
不要用这些愚蠢的问题来折磨我。
四、撕咬
例句:Wolves worry the sheep.
狼群撕咬绵羊。
扩展资料
词义辨析:
一、anxiety,worry,care,concern这些名词均含“焦虑、关心”之意。
1、anxiety指对预料中的不祥之事的焦虑。
2、worry侧重对未知事态演变的忧虑。
3、care强调因出于责任感或顾虑等而产生的不安。
4、concern作“关心”用时,是indifference(冷漠)的反义词,侧重对他人健康、安全等的关心,也可暗示对困难、危险或失败等的忧虑。
二、worry,brood,care,fret这些动词均有“烦恼、担忧”之意。
1、worry普通用词,着重使人焦虑、烦恼或深深不安。
2、brood语气比worry强,多指沉思、沮丧或忧郁。
3、care多指极强烈的关心和忧虑。常带纯客观的意味。
4、fret通常指因悲哀、焦虑或忧愁等所困扰的心理状态。
1、worry
(1) be worried about 担心…lHe was worried about the test.(他为考试担心)
(2) worry+直接宾语:使…烦恼,焦虑
The new work worried him so much. 新的工作让他挺担心的。
翻译:别为我担心,我挺好的don’t worry about me, I am fine
2、与动词、名词或形容词连用的介词在疑问句中的位置:
在特殊疑问句中,与动词、名词或形容词连用的介词一般紧随与其连用的相应动词,名词或形容词之后:
What are you interested in? (形容词+介词)
你对什么感兴趣?
Who were you talking about? (动词+介词)
你在谈论谁?
What are you worried about? (动词+介词)
你担心什么呢?
描述人的句子
她是个很能干的人 She's a real go-getter.(指能干的人)
她口才很好 She's eloquent 她是个博览群书的人She is a well-read girl
他 是个书虫 John is a bookworm 他容易相处 He is easy to get along with
他爱助人为乐 He is always ready to help others 他很有事业心 She is enterprising
他富于创新精神 He is creative 他是个有责任心的人 He is responsible man
他很内向 He is very reserved. 她很细心 She is thoughtful
他很有主见 He knows his own mind 她很喜欢出风头 She likes to show off
她是个马屁精 She is a bootlicker
他经常说别人坏话 He often speaks ill of others
她净说好话 She is a smooth talker
她身材很好 She has a good figure
他很令人讨厌 He is very offensive 他头脑简单 He is simple-minded
Unit 32 things go wrong
动词不定式
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do.
.作主语 To see is to believe.
但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。 It's wrong to play tricks on other people.
2.作宾语 a.want,decide,agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。lWe agreed to start early. She wants to be a doctor.
b.love,like,begin,start,hate,prefer等词后面可以接不定式。上述动词后面除接不定式外,还可以接动名词,意思无很大区别。
like doing指经常性动作,而like to do指一次性的动作。如:I like swimming,but I don't like to swim now 我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。
c.stop,forget,remember,go on,try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。1)stop to do sth.:停止一件事,去做另一件事。 stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事。例句:When the teacher came in,the students stopped talking;when he came out,the students stopped to talk.
3.作宾语补足语a.tell,ask,want,order,teach,invite,warn,wish,help,get,wish,help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如:I tell him not to go there by bus .
b.let,make,have,see,hear,feel,watch,notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如:lThe boss makes them work 16 hours a day.
被动语态
语态(Voice)是表示动词的主语与动词所表示的动作之间的关系的动词形式。从语态上来分,有主动语态和被动语态两种类型。在主动语态的句子中,句子的主语为谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者;在被动句(Passive Sentences)中,句子的主语为谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的构成:l主语+助动词be的各种时态形式+过去分词:lThis room is cleaned by the workers. (一般现在时)
The laptop was stolen by his neighbor. (一般过去时)
二、用法。一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:1)不清楚动作的执行者是谁, 例如:
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打破了。
2)说话人对宾语的兴趣大于对主语的兴趣(这时可用by引导出动作的执行者),例如:
These books are written especially for children. 这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
3) 有时常用一些句式,如"It is said that…"(据说……),"It is reported that …"(据报道……),"It is rumoured that …“(据传言……)等等。例如:
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。
4) 出于修辞的原因,或是说为了更好地安排句子。例如:
The professor came to our school and warmly welcomed by the teachers and students.(句子的后半句用被动式就可以只安排一个主语。)那位教授来到我校并受到师生们的热烈欢迎。
3、see sb doing sth和 see sb do sth(见课本193页)
Instead of和instead.的用法
Instead of 的意思是“代替……”、“而不……”,用法如下:1. 作为短语介词,instead of 后面常跟名词、代词和动名词,偶尔也跟复合结构。例如:
Instead of doing it himself, he got a man to do it.
Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.他不仅没有帮我们一把,反而嘲笑我们。
2. Instead of 后面还可跟形容词、副词、动词、不定式、介词短语和从句,这时他相当于连词。
Taking exercise every day makes him look younger instead of older. 每天锻炼身体使他显得更年轻而不是苍老。(连接形容词)
I go to bed late instead of early.我总是很晚才睡。3. Instead 单独使用的时候是副词,常用于句末。例如:
We’ve no coffee. Would you like tea instead.
我没有咖啡了,喝茶行吗?
不过,用instead的句子也可以改成instead of:
She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. à Instead of studying , she tennis all days. 她成天打网球,而不是学习。
以上两句意思虽然相同,但用instead这个副词时,句子中的动作是被“取”的,即要去做的,而用instead of时,of后面的动是被“舍”的,即不去做的。
翻译:我没有去那里,他去了I didn’t go there, he went there instead。He went there instead of me.
直接引语和间接引语
直接引语是直接引述别人的原话,原话用有引号,而间接引语是引述别人的话,不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时,引述动词是现在时,则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。例如:She says, " I'll never forget the moment变成间接引语为She says that she'll never forget the moment.但是如引述动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词、时间、时态、地点、人称等一般要作相应的变化。遵循下列规律:
一、一般规律。
在直接引语中 在间接引语中
指示代词 this that
these those
时间状语 now then
today that day
yesterday the day before
last week the week before
tomorrow the next day
next year the next year
Two days ago two days before
地点状语 here there
动词时态 一般现在时 一般过去时
现左进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
动词变化 can/ could
May might
Must had to
Come go
bring take
二、三要素。
我们要很好地掌握直接引语变间接引语这一语法项目,关键要掌握下列“二要素"。
要素一:陈述句的间接引语--连接词用that,在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, ,等。例如:
1) He said: "I've left my book in my room."→
He told me that he had left his book in his room.
要素二: 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether,而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether,引述动词用asked,没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等,例如:
1) She asked, "Is this book yours or his?"→
She asked me whether that book was mine or his.
(2) 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词,改为陈述语序。例如: The teacher asked, "how did you repair it?" →
The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
三、 “三不变"
在直接引语变间接引语时,还要注意以下五种不变的特殊情况。
1. 直接引语如果是客观真理,谚(习)语,变间接引语时时态不变。例如:
My father said, "Practice makes perfect."→
My father said practice makes perfect.
2. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,时态保持不变,例如:
He said, "We are still students.'→
He said they are still students.
3.如果就在当地转述, here不必变为there,come不必改为go,如果就在当天转述,则today, yesterday, tomorrow等状语也不必变化。例如:
She said to us, I'll come here tomorrow."→
She told us she would come here tomorrow.