小学英语基础知识
小学英语基础知识汇总
小学的英语知识注重的是基础，对于英语的从句和其他进阶要求不高，我觉得小学生应该先了解这些：
一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能：
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的`。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
注意：(我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。)
行为动词：
主语+行为动词(+其它)
如：We study English.我们学习英语。
注意：(当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。)
一般现在时的变化：
1. be动词的变化。
肯定句：主语+be+其它
He is a worker. 他是工人。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
(be动词移到句首)
如：I am a student.
-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：My bike is under the tree.
Is your bike under the tree?
Where is your bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如：I like bread. I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。
如：He ofter plays football.
He doesn't often play football.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。(句首加助动词do, does)
如：I often play football.
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：She goes to school by bike.
- Does she go to school by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：She goes to school by bike.
Does she go to school by bike?
How does she go to school?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(句中一般含有now, look, listen.)
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
如：Tom is reading books in his study .
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
如：Tom is reading books in his study .
Tom is not reading books in his study .
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
如：Tom is reading books in his study .
Is Tom reading books in his study ?
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句?
(注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing)
如：Tom is reading books in his study .
Tom is reading books in his study .
Is Tom reading books in his study ?
Is Tom reading books in his study ?
What is Tom doing in his study?
Where is Tom reading books?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
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