英语语法大全:代词

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  (一)指示代词:this , that , these , those. this , that一般与可数名词的单数连用,而不与不可数名词连用。

  that apple ( √ ) that meat ( × )

  (二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词

  1)人称代词:主格、宾格(作主语为主格, 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格)

  eg. 1)I thank you

  2)You thank me.

  2)物主代词:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。

  eg. This is _____(我的)book. This book is ______(我的). [ my ; mine]

  3)反身代词:某某自己;亲自

  单数复数

  yourselfyourselves

  myselfourselves

  himselfthemselves

  herself

  itself

  反身代词的常见搭配:

  1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴;过得愉快

  2.hurt oneself 伤着自己

  3.teach oneself = learn… by oneself 自学

  4.(all) by oneself (完全)独立地

  5.help oneself to 请自便;随便吃…

  6.look after oneself 自理;照顾自己

  7.leave one by oneself 把…单独留下

  8.lose oneself in 陶醉于…;沉浸于…

  (三)不定代词

  1)some与any

  一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句、疑问句(但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some—此类句型常以could , would开头)

  2) many + 可数 = a lot of : 许多

  much + 不可数

  (但a lot of不能用于否定句)

  3) few , a few ; little , a little

  ①.The story is easy to read. There are ____new words in it.

  ②.Hurry up! There is_____ time left.

  4) everyone / anyone 不加of

  no one 不加 of

  none of

  ( )____ of us wants to read the book.

  A. Everyone B. Every one

  C. Nobody D. No one

  5)相互代词other ,another , others

  单数复数

  泛指another

  三者以上的另一个定语主语、宾语

  othersome…others

  特指one…the other

  一个…另一个the others =the other+复名(另外的人或物)

  ①.We study _____ subjects besides Chinese.

  ②.May I have ___________ apple ?

  ③.These cups are clean. ________ are dirty.

  ④.I have two pens. One is red , ________ is blue. [ other ; another ; others ; the others]

  each other (两者的)相互

  We should learn from each other(说明we指两个人)

  They help one another (说明they指三个人以上)

  6) 二者与三者

  复数单数单数

  二者both(都)neither(都不)either(任何一个)

  三者all(都)none(都不)any(任何一个)

  注意:

  ① .both 否定 neither all 否定 none

  ②.both , all 不但作主语为复数,且被修饰的词也为复数;neither , none作主语为单数,但none of + 复名,neither of + 复名

  ( )1.____ of my parents is a teacher.

  A. None B. Neither C. Both D. All

  ( )2.There are many trees on ____ side of the river.

  A. both B. any C. either D. all

  every one / any one of

  7) each: (二者以上的)每个

  every: (三者以上的)每个

  ①.____ student in the class likes English.

  ②.___ of the students studied hard.

  表否定表肯定

  可数few(几乎没有)a few(几个;一些)

  不可数little(几乎没有)a little(一点儿少许)
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