Question

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，定语从句，状语从句

请各举个例子，并对成分及应注意的问题做适当讲解，会追加悬赏。
因为对这个理解得不是很了明晰，所以希望通过大家的回答，得到一些启示，请尽量根据自己的理解来回答，对您的知识也是一个梳理哦，我会综合比较，然后选出最佳答案的。（没有及时采纳，请别介意）

Answer 1

1.主语从句：That he does well in English主语从句 is系动词 a fact known by us all.表语；
That引导词 he主语 does谓语动词 well状语 in English状语；known by us all是过去分词短语作fact的定语；by us all是known的状语； all是us的同位语
2.宾语从句： I 主语 hope谓语动词 (that) you enjoy your holiday. 宾语从句；(that)引导词 you主语 enjoy谓语动词 your holiday宾语
3.表语从句：That主语 ’s系动词 why she wanted to leave.表语从句；why引导词及从句状语 she主语 wanted谓语动词 to leave宾语
4. 同位语从句：No one主语 could account for谓语动词 the fact that the box was extremely heavy.表语；that the box was extremely heavy是the fact的同位语从句； that引导词 the box主语 was系动词 extremely heavy.表语
5.定语从句：The man who is standing there主语 is系动词 my teacher表语；who is standing there是The man的定语从句；who引导词及从句主语 is standing谓语动词 there状语
6.状语从句：I主语 laughed谓语动词 when he told us a funny story.状语从句；when引导词及从句状语 he主语 told谓语动词 us间接宾语 a funny story直接宾语
7.同位语从句和定语从句两者易于混淆，方法是看引导词是否可在从句中做主语或宾语，若只起引导作用的话，就是同位语从句。

追问

关于主句和从句的时态，有什么需要注意的吗？

追答

往往是在状语从句和宾语从句中，应该注意时态的一致性，因为状语从句所表示的时间就是主句中谓语动词的时间；宾语从句是承受主句动作的，一般来说，主句的动作是一个过去时的客观事实，宾语从句也是过去的某种时态，客观真理等除外。在间接引语中，若转述别人刚刚说过的话，宾语从句要用原来说话者所使用的时态，若过了很久才被转述时，要把原来说话者的时态进行倒移。

追问

在间接引语中，若转述别人刚刚说过的话，宾语从句要用原来说话者所使用的时态。
若过了很久才被转述时，要把原来说话者的时态进行倒移。

“倒移” ？能各举个例子嘛？谢谢！

追答

-----I am hungry.
She said that she is hungry.(过了几分钟后转述)
She said that she was hungry.(第二天才转述)

Answer 2

主语从句
it is （名词+++形容词+++不及物动词++++过去分词）++从句 括号里面的表示或者
例子 it is a fact that。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
it is natural that。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
it seems that。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
it is reported that 。。。。。。。。。。。。。

宾语从句 是指在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词或者介词之后
that what whether if 引导的宾语从句
i heard that he joined the army
he do not know what happened
动词 + 间接宾语 + 宾语从句
she told me that she would accept my invitation
作形容词的宾语
i am afraid that i have made a mistake
表语从句 名词性从句放在系动词之后
一般的结构 主语+系动词+表语从句
this is why we get the support 。
同位语从句 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句
一般由that引导
the order《 that all the soldiers should stay 》still is given by the general

同位语从句和定语从句的区别，请注意

定语从句中的that即代表先行词，同时又在句子中充当成分（主语或者宾语）
同位语从句中的that是连词，只是起连接主句和从句的作用，不充当成分

定语从句是形容词性的，功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，性质或特征
同位语从句是名词性的，功能是对名词进行补充说明的

看下面的句子， 注意区别
the news that he told me is that tom would go abroad next year
他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国
the news that tom would go abroad is told by Tom
汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的

希望能采纳，谢谢

希望能采纳，谢谢

Answer 3

首先要理解各成分的位置和作用。
作句中的什么成分，只要是一句话的，这句话就叫做该成分的从句。
主语从句，放在谓语动词之前。
What I said is right.
What I need is money.
宾语从句，放在及物动词之后。
I know that he is coming.
I believe that you are right.
表语从句，放在系动词之后。
My wish is that I can go to America.
My suggestion is that you should do it at once.
同位语从句，放在名词之后，对该名词进行补充或说明。
The news that our team won the match is true.
The idea that we should help them is wonderful.
定语从句，放在名词后面修饰名词。
I don't know the man who is standing there.
The man who is standing there is my brother.
状语从句，修饰谓语动词，或者修饰主句。
I was doing my lessons when you came in.
After I finish my lessons, I will go out to play.
注意：从句使用的连词要根据需要进行选择。
你提的这个语法一个星期也讲不完，不过这是精华，你可以再去看看有关语法。
老师祝你学习进步！
望采纳，多谢你的问题！^_^

追问

关于主句和从句的时态，有什么需要注意的吗？

Answer 4

1。主语从句的以下几种情况。放在整个句子的前面，也可用it做形式主语把真正的主语放在后面。 That Tom came late made his teacher angry.
What he had done made his parents happy.
It is uncertain whether he likes my present .
2。宾语从句一般放在及物动词后或介词后，但介词后不用if引导。
I wonder what you have done with my bike.
He admitted that he had broken the window.
We are talking about whether we can finish the work in time.
3。表语从句放在系动词后也不用if引导。
Our worry is whether Tom can help us.
My suggestion is that you should start now.(表示建议时用虚拟即用should +动词原形)

4。同位语从句一般放在名词后对这一名词作出解释说明。不用if引导。
Our doubt whether he can finish the work is reasonable.
The news that we will have a meeting is true.
对比下面这句 the news that he told us is true.这句是定语从句，先行词the news在从句中做宾语，而上一句不做从句成份，所以叫同位语从句。

追问

关于主句和从句的时态，有什么需要注意的吗？