Question

帮忙翻译一篇英语文章

The number of delinquency cases involving young women processed by the juvenile justice system
is growing rapidly, and, by some reports, more rapidly than cases involving young men(Scahill,
2000; Sickmund, 1997). “Front line” juvenile justice and mental health professionals working with these troubled youths argue that the risk factors, characteristics,outcomes, and treatment needs for delinquency may differ in girls and boys (Chamberlain & Reid, 1994). A better understanding of precursors of sex differences in antisocial behavior may expand our comprehension of antisocial behavior in general(Moffitt, Caspi, Rutter, & Silva, 2001; Smith, 1995).
In response to the public interest in girls’ antisocial behavior, academics have generated a sizeable body of research in the past 15–20 years regarding sex similarities and differences in the presentation,etiology, course and outcome of childhood conduct
problems, and delinquency. Several reviews have addressed sex differences in the development of aggression in the early years (e.g., Maccoby & Jacklin,1974; Tieger, 1980). Others have reviewed conduct disorder in girls and sex differences in its diagnostic patterns (Keenan, Loeber, & Green, 1999; Loeber & Keenan, 1994; Silverthorn & Frick, 1999), but the scope of these articles did not permit discussion of developmental mechanisms that might explain some observed sex differences in the course, outcome, and treatment needs for conduct problems.
One broad developmental factor that may explain sex differences in conduct problems over the life span is the role of interpersonal relationships for adjustment. Reis, Collins, and Berscheid’s (2000) review pointed to the crucial influence of interpersonal relationships on human development and behavior.Interpersonal bonds may act as a social control against norm violation and rule breaking (Sampson & Laub, 1993). Smith (1995) summarized a review of trends in youth crime by stating,”. . . it now seems that the formation of social bonds may turn out to be the central explanation for desistance from crime after adolescence” (p. 430). There is a large and robust
empirical literature supporting the connection,across the life span, between the quality of mental health and personal relationships with family, peers,and romantic partners (e.g. Hartup & Stevens, 1997;Myers, 1999). Recent theories of the effect of personal relationships on brain development, especially
during infancy, are backed by accumulating neurobiological data (Greenough, Black, & Wallace, 1987;Siegel, 1999).
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Answer 1

少年犯罪的数字装入涉及年轻妇女由少年法系统处理
迅速地, 和, 由一些报告, 更加迅速地增长比装入介入年轻men(Scahill,
2000 年; Sickmund, 1997) 。 “前线” 少年法和精神健康专家服务以这些混乱的青年时期争辩说, 对少年犯罪的风险因素、特征、结果, 和治疗需要也许不同在女孩和男孩(张伯伦& Reid, 1994) 。对性区别前体的更好的理解在反社会行为上的也许扩展反社会行为我们的领悟在general(Moffitt, Caspi, Rutter, & 森林区2001 年; 史密斯, 1995) 。
以回应公共利益在女孩’ 反社会行为, 院引起了研究一个相当大的身体对过去15 的–20 在童年品行介绍、原因论、路线和结果上的年关于性相似性和区别
问题, 和少年犯罪。几回顾演讲了在侵略的发展上的性区别在早年(即, Maccoby & Jacklin 1974 年; Tieger, 1980) 。其他人回顾了品行混乱在女孩和在它的诊断样式上的性区别(Keenan, Loeber, & Green 1999 年; Loeber & Keenan 1994 年; Silverthorn & Frick, 1999), 而是范围这些文章没有允许也许解释在路线、结果, 和治疗需要上的一些被观察的性区别对品行问题关于发展机制的讨论。
也许解释在品行问题上的性区别在寿命的一个宽广的发展因素是人际的关系的角色为调整。Reis 、Collins, 和Berscheid’s (2000) 回顾指向人际的关系对人的发展和behavior.Interpersonal 债券的关键的影响也许作为社会控制反对准则侵害和统治打破(Sampson & Laub, 1993) 。史密斯(1995) 总结了趋向回顾在青年罪行由陈述,”．．．现在看起来社会债券的形成也许结果是中央解释为desistance 从罪行在青年期以后” (p. 430) 。有大和健壮
经验主义的文学支持连接, 横跨寿命, 在精神健康的质量和与家庭、同辈, 和浪漫伙伴的私人关系之间(即Hartup & Stevens, 1997;Myers, 1999) 。私人关系的作用的最近理论在脑子发展, 特别是
在初期期间, 由积累的neurobiological 数据(Greenough, 黑色, & 支持; 华莱士, 1987;Siegel, 1999) 。