Question

谁能帮我把下面这段文字翻译成英语?(急!!)

中国混凝土结构设计规范[code for design of concrete structure](GB 50010-2002)和美国房屋建筑混凝土结构规范（ACI 318-05）及条文说明（ACI 318R-05）[Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete(ACI 318-05) and Commentary(ACI 318R-05)]之间存在比较大的差异。我国规范采用以概率理论为基础的极限状态设计法，以可靠指标度量结构构件的可靠度，采用分项系数的设计表达式进行设计。而美国规范是以可靠度理论为基础，采用的设计表达式也没有分项系数。从整体上说美国的结构混凝土设计所用的可靠度表达方式与我国规范有一定的相似之处，但在设计用荷载和设计用材料强度的取值水准上以及可靠度的表达方式上与我国规范有不可忽视的区别。

1．在美国的房屋建筑工程中，“通用建筑规范”指的是分别由美国各州或相关行政辖区以该州法律形式接受的规范。在这些规范中，全面规定了与房屋的设计、施工、检测有关的偏原则性的基本要求。然后，再由这些通用建筑规范在相应条文中指出各有关结构规范为其可以引用的组成部分。所以，美ACI 318-05规范称自己为通用建筑规范的一个组成部分。在2000年以前，一般认为美国的通用建筑规范共有以下四本：（1）以建筑官员与规范管理人联合会（Building Officials and Code Administrators,简称BOCA）的名义发布的“全国建筑规范”（National Building Code,简称NBC）；（2）以南方建筑规范国际委员会（Southern Building Code Congress International,简称SBCCI）的名义发布的“标准建筑规范”（Standard Building Code,简称SBC）；（3）以国际建筑官员会议（International Conference of Building Officials,简称ICBO）的名义发布的“统一建筑规范”（Uniform Building Code,简称UBC）；（4）由国际规范委员会（International Code Council ，简称ICC）制定的“国际建筑规范”（International Building Code ，简称IBC）。由美国各州通过法律分别选择这四本通用建筑规范中的一本在该州作为有法律效力的规范使用。到2000年，经美国各有关方面协商，决定在美国全国统一用IBC规范来取代其它三本通用建筑规范，即以IBC（2003）作为美国全国唯一的“通用建筑规范”使用。但由于改用IBC规范需要各州法律的认可，故其它三本通用建筑规范仍有一个使用搭接期，但不再作新一轮修订。根据以上情况可知，ACI318-05规范译文中所说的“法律上被采纳的通用建筑规范”在目前即仍指上述四本规范；待各州以法律形式接受了IBC规范后，“法律上被采纳的通用建筑规范”就将只有IBC规范了

Answer 1

China concrete structure design code [code for design of concrete structure] (GB 50010-2002) and the United States housing construction, concrete structure norms (ACI 318-05) and provisions (ACI 318R-05) [Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-05) and Commentary (ACI 318R-05)] between the relatively large differences. China to regulate use of the theory of probability-based limit state design method to measure reliable indicator of the reliability of structural components, using a coefficient of design expression of the design. Norms and the United States based on reliability theory, the design expression nor breakdown coefficient. Generally speaking, the United States used in the design of concrete structure of the reliability of expression and China have certain similarities norms, but used in the design of materials and design load intensity level, as well as the value of the expression of reliability with China norms the difference can not be ignored.

1. Housing construction in the United States, "GM building codes," referring to the states respectively from the area or related to the law of the state of accepted norms. In these specifications, and provides a comprehensive housing design, construction, testing the principle of partial basic requirements. Then, by the GM building codes in the corresponding provisions of the relevant structures that regulate their invoke component. Therefore, the United States said its own norms ACI 318-05 for the GM building codes an integral part. By the year 2000, the United States is generally believed that the GM building codes total of the following four: (1) to standardize the construction officials and managers Federation (Building Officials and Code Administrators, or BOCA) issued in the name of "national building codes" (National Building Code, or NBC); (2) building codes to the International Committee of the South (Southern Building Code Congress International, as SBCCI) issued in the name of the "standard building codes" (Standard Building Code, or SBC), (3) the international construction Officials Meeting (International Conference of Building Officials, or ICBO) issued in the name of "unified building codes" (Uniform Building Code, or UBC), and (4) international norms Committee (International Code Council, or ICC) developed the "International Building norms "(International Building Code, or IBC). State laws passed by the United States were chosen four common building codes in the one in the state as a law regulating the use of force. By the year 2000, all parties concerned consultations by the United States, decided in the United States unified national norms by IBC to replace three other common building codes, that is, the IBC (2003) the United States as the only "generic building codes" use. However, states need to switch to IBC legal norms recognized, the other three are still a common use of building codes overlap period, but no longer for a new round of amendments. Based on the above, we can see that ACI318-05 standard said: "The law was adopted building codes GM" in the present that still means the four standardized; states to be accepted legal norms of the IBC, "legal been adopted General building codes "will only regulate the IBC