Question

掌握一门语言需要多少时间？

小弟今年18岁，学日语刚好1年，可能比较努力，平常的对话基本上没有太大问题，但是有的时候去日语聊天室还是有听不懂的时候，我给自己的计划是20岁之前完全熟练日语，然后再去把英语捡回来。
但是我到现在还是很困惑，2年的时间掌握一门语言到底可不可能，我在聊天的时候还碰到过学了5年的，但是水平却差强人意。2年的时间最高水平能是怎样的？希望学过的哥哥姐姐谈一下自己的经验，真心诚意地谢谢大家了

Answer 1

学习一门语言实际需要花费多久时间？

How Much Time Is It Realistic to Learn a Language in?

关于语言学习有很多猜测，甚至有人建议用一夜、一周或者如此类推的时间速成。但是，还是让我们实际一点儿。我们先来了解掌握一门语言一般需要花多久时间的一些数据，而不是凭空想象那些速成的、类似于巫术或魔法的方法。我查了ILA网站，以下是达到“欧洲语言教学共同纲领”要求的特定水平所需要的学时：
There are many guesses and people suggesting you can learn a language in a night, a week or similar short periods of time. Let’s be realistic for a bit. Let’s look at some data and see what it can tell us for if people in general need a certain time to learn the language, let’s not assume that it can be done way faster with some magical woodoo-learning methods. I was checking out the ILA France language lists page and found the following estimates for learning French to levels of the European Common Languages Framework which I have already described. Here’s the time needed to achieve each level from the start in French according to them:

A1 – 60 hours
A2 – 160 hours
B1 – 310 hours
B2 – 490 hours
C1 – 690 hours
C2 – 890 hours

结论，达到法语流利需要900学时。按照每天学习3个小时的量计算，是10个月的时间。如果每天学习小时数加倍，则时间相对会缩短。如果你的目标是B2（中级），那么恭喜你，只消三个月你就可以达成目标了。
That is, about 900 hours and you are pretty much fluent in French by their standards. How much is that? That is 37 full 24 hour days. It is more reasonable to think that a person would study a language for three hours a day so it would take him around eight times that which is almost 10 months. If you double it to six hours a day, you can do it in 5 months. From my experience, it is very hard to practice the language more than that (and even that) in any given day, so if these estimates are any good, it is achievable and maybe realistic, granted you are living in a French-speaking country, to become fluent in half a year or so. If you are only aiming for B2 (B2 is pretty communicative) and you’re good, you can achieve it in 3 months.

相比之下，如果在强度不变的前提下，达到任何语言的初级A1水平，只需要60小时。如此一来，你可以用精通一门语言的时间学习15门基础的语言。
By comparison, it takes you only 60 hours to get the very basics of it (A1) which you could do in about two weeks of practicing assuming you do it with a similar intensity. Not bad, 60 hours, is it? You could learn the basics of 15 languages at the same time it takes you to learn one to fluency! That explains it how there are people who can seemingly communicate in many languages. I, in fact, would choose to do so over the “fluent in one” thing unless I really needed that one.

I checked this for my 6 months Greek challenge and I am aiming at B2 (thus my standards for fluency are way lower than than have assumed in this article). I’d need about 490 hours if Greek could be equated to French and this makes it 490 / 6*30 or about 2.75 hours a day. I’m doing way less during my first few months so it will probably be more like 4 to 5 hours when I am in Greece. I believe that this number is achievable and reasonable in terms of my challenge, although challenging, which is what I am aiming for in the first place. I also know some tips and tricks from my previous experience so maybe that will reduce my workload.

数据可靠性验证：wikipedia
How reliable is this data? Well, Wikipedia also cites this site:
Deutsche Welle (sponsored by the German government) suggests A-1 is reached with about 75 hours of German study. A-2.1 about 150 hours. A-2.2 about 225 hours. B 1.1 about 300 hours. B 1.2 about 400 hours.

德语复杂一些，相比法语要耗时多一些。
Kind of similar numbers, at least in the beginning. Also it can be argued that German is harder than French (for example due to noun genders) – I know how tricky it is to assert something like that – so it takes more time to learn it. It still is relying on authority for they do not specify explicitly on the pages how they got the data but the fact that both of these institutions seem to have similar numbers and that they are both respectable institutions (funded by the government and doing research), I would tend to believe that they are indeed believable at least to some extent.

自己做决定。
Thus I could say that fluency in 6 months is possible if you really try very very hard. A year is more likely and you can be more laid-back and follow your natural style, although it still is quite a challenge for studying at least 3 hours a day every day is not that easy. Fluency in shorter periods is unrealistic according to the data unless you are aiming for lower levels of fluency (like me, yet I still have six months… well, I never told you I wasn’t lazy). Listen to the data or not, that’s your choice.

其他文章
1. 俄罗斯人学法语（英语为第二语言）How I Learned French in One Year
2. Becoming fluent in French within one year
3. Achieve Advanced Fluency in French
4. QUORA-How much time does it take an average adult to learn a new language?
几点注意：首先，参照一个FSI 学生在课堂上的学习时间. 以上小时数可能在现实学习当中需要乘以1.6 或 1.8倍来计算准确的学习时间。其次，“掌握”指的是“阅读和说话的熟练以及流利程度”，而非母语的熟练程度。

Answer 2

就自己学英语的角度来看，至少应该要用年来计算，其中还要看你每天所花的时间，和你的努力程度，再加上你的头脑去思考。
学英语在一年之内与人交流这个是没有问题的，但是要达到像我们掌握汉语这样的熟练，估计还是不行。

Answer 3

学会了一门语言的话，学别的语言也就很快了。程序语言初学时比较难的，主要学习的是编程的思想，包括数据结构、算法构造这些东西都是初次接触，学会一门以后这些东西就都有了，学别的自然很容易上手。所以真要是学会了c语言的话，肯定会有饭吃的。至于学习时间，因人而异，也看你怎么去学，不过只要认真学习，肯定不需要太长时间，一个月以内肯定能学会。以后的造化就看自己了

Answer 4

英语口语50天左右可以完全掌握到熟练,但是有个前提,每天最多睡5个小时

英语笔试大概100天可以完成,前提是每天只睡3个小时

以上结论均经过实践证明有效

Answer 5

你最好是背诵《新概念》2中的短文100篇，背完之后你的口语语感都有了