一般过去式,一般将来时的各种句式,一般疑问句,加答语
1.一般过去式句子的句式结构:
主语 + 动词过去式( be 动词的过去式/ 行为动词的过去式)
如:
She was a student two years ago.
她两年前是学生。
We were on the farm last week.
我们上周在农场。
We sang at the party yesterday.
我们昨天在派对上唱歌。
否定形式:
①was/were+not;
②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
2.一般将来时句式结构:
肯定句:I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go.
否定句:I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go.
疑问句:Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go?
简略回答:
肯定回答:Yes,主语 shall/will.
否定回答:No,主语 shall/will not.
特殊疑问句:一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首,后接一般疑问句(就主语提问时,以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外)
例子:Why will you be here on sunday?
I will have a meeting on sunday.
(1)常见结构:
(a)will / shall 动词原形
这种方法一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称;shall只用于第一人称。
例如 : I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我将去拜访他。
What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我们几点去那儿?
(b)be going to 动词原形
be going to 相当于一个助动词(其中be有人称和数的变化),与它后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。用来表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及计划、安排、打算要做的事。
例如: There is going to be a football match this afternoon.今天下午将有一场足球赛。
(2)常用结构
(a)用于"I expect, I'm sure, I think, I wonder 宾语从句"中。
Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass.
不要担心这次考试,我确信你会通过的。
I wonder what will happen.
我不知道将会发生什么事。
I don't think the test will be very difficult.
我想这次测验不会太难。
(b)用于"祈使句 and陈术句"中。
Work hard and you will succeed.
如果你努力,就会成功的。
Go at once and you will see her.
马上去,你就会见到她了。
(c)与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用。
I'll let you know as soon as he arrives.
他一到我就通知你。
If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请他,他会帮助你的。
3.一般疑问句句式结构:
(1)主语+be动词+表语结构
变一般疑问句,把be动词提前,即be动词+主语+表语结构?
例:Mr. White is a very good teacher.-->Is Mr. White a very good teacher?
(2)主语+动词+其他
当句子为一般现在时,在句首加do或does,并且把动词变为原形,即Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?
例:He loves playing football with his friends.-->Does he love playing football with his friends?
句子为一般过去时,在句首加did,句子变成 Did+主语+动词+其他?
例:Tom's sister graduated from high school last year.-->Did Tom's sister graduate from high school last year?
(3)主语+情态动词+动词+其他
将情态动词提前,句子变成 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
例:I can drive a car.-->Can you drive a car?
(4)主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他
将have/has提前,句子变成have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他
例:The students have done their homework.-->Have the students done their homework?
肯定句:主语+be(was,were)going to+动词原形+其它 否定句:主语+be(was,were)not going to+动词原形+其它 疑问句:Be(Was,Were)+主语+going to+动词原形+其它 肯定句:主语+would(should)+动词原形+其它 否定句:主语+would(should)not+动词原形 +其它
疑问句:Would(Should)+主语+动词原形+其它
过去将来时的结构 1同一般将来时,把系动词be变为过去式,把will,shall变为过去式。
例句:I didn't know if he would come.
=I didn't know if he was going to come.
我不知道他是否会来。
She was sixty-six. In three years,she would be sixty-nine.
她66岁了。三年后,她是69岁。
She told us that she would not go with us,if it rained.
她告诉我们,如果下雨,她就不和我们一起去了。
I didn't know how to do it. What would be their ideas?
我不知如何去做,他们会有什么想法呢?
2.过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时,不管什么人称,一律用would。
过去将来时有时可带时间状语
注意
1"was/were going to + 动词原形"或"was/were +动词不定式完成式"可表示未能实现的过去将来时间的动作。
2was/were about to do
"was/were about to do"表示说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。
3was/were on the point of doing
提示"be about to do" 和 "be on the point of doing"结构一般不与表示将来的时间状语连用,但后面可以接when引导的分句。
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