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语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上一致。 意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义。 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词,共用一个冠词用单数,表示
2 主谓一致中的就近原则 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致. There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 总的来说,在由not only…but also…,not just…but…,or,either…or…,neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理,即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如: Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week. Either you or she is to go. There is a pen,a few envelops and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致.
4 谓语需用单数 1) 代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数. Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数. The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. <一千零一夜>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书. 3) 表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数.(用复数也可,意思不变.) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. 5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1) 在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定. All is right. (一切顺利.) All are present. (所有人都到齐了.) 2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family,team,group,club,public,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体. His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭. His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者. 但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).vermin(害虫)等在任何情况下都用复数形式. Are there any police around 3)有些名词,如variety,number,population,proportion,majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数. A number of +名词复数+复数动词. The number of +名词单数+单数动词. A number of books have lent out. The majority of the students like English. 6 与后接名词或代词保持一致 1) 用half of,part of,most of,a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致. Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 2) 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式.但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致. Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书. More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市. 7 the+形容词/国籍形容词。表示一类人/一国人,作主语,谓语动词用复数。 8 the+姓氏的复数,表示一家人或两夫妇,作主语时,谓语动词用复数, 9 四则运算时,谓语动词用单数。 10 表示,(时间,距离,重量,金额,书名)的复数名词作主语时,通常当做整体看待,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象 1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.2,"many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数.
3,"half of,the rest of,most of,all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.
4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数.
5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数.
6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.
7,当主语后面有as well as,with,along with,together with,but,like,rather than,except,逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.
8,each作主语的同位语时,谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关.
9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.
10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致..
11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news,works,plastics等同属此类.
12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数(trousers,glasses,shoes.shorts.scissors.scales等)作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数..
13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.
14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数.
15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,"the one of + 复数名词+定语从句"定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.
16,表示时间,距离,金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词常用单数,但若强调数量,谓语动词可用复数
集合名词的主谓一致:1)单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类
2)单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体,即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内,所以只有单数形式.如作主语,谓语动词常用单数.这类名词常见的有:humanity,mankind,proletariat等.
3)复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的,就是说它们只有单数形式,但表达的都是复数概念.它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有:police,cattle,faculty,flock,machinery,vermin,personnel等.它们作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.
4)单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时,用单数动词或复数动词均可,有时意义区别不大.
大致就这些,百度百科上的太复杂,就帮你简略了一些。
关于楼主你的追问,accroding to the research ,there (is or are) 80 % students 【用is,因为there 修饰the research ,the research 是单数,所以用is】 (spend or spends) about 3 hours in playing computer games every week and the rest of them ( spend or spends) 1 hours in reading books instead of playing computer games.
第二处根据之前用地单数新式【此处修饰there,用单数,选spends】
第三处用单数哦,【因为the rest 才是真正的主语哦,选spends】
楼主不懂还可以追问,望采纳,谢谢
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词,共用一个冠词用单数,表示
2 主谓一致中的就近原则 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致. There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 总的来说,在由not only…but also…,not just…but…,or,either…or…,neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理,即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如: Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week. Either you or she is to go. There is a pen,a few envelops and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致.
4 谓语需用单数 1) 代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数. Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数. The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. <一千零一夜>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书. 3) 表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数.(用复数也可,意思不变.) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. 5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1) 在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定. All is right. (一切顺利.) All are present. (所有人都到齐了.) 2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family,team,group,club,public,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体. His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭. His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者. 但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).vermin(害虫)等在任何情况下都用复数形式. Are there any police around 3)有些名词,如variety,number,population,proportion,majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数. A number of +名词复数+复数动词. The number of +名词单数+单数动词. A number of books have lent out. The majority of the students like English. 6 与后接名词或代词保持一致 1) 用half of,part of,most of,a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致. Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 2) 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式.但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致. Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书. More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市. 7 the+形容词/国籍形容词。表示一类人/一国人,作主语,谓语动词用复数。 8 the+姓氏的复数,表示一家人或两夫妇,作主语时,谓语动词用复数, 9 四则运算时,谓语动词用单数。 10 表示,(时间,距离,重量,金额,书名)的复数名词作主语时,通常当做整体看待,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象 1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.2,"many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数.
3,"half of,the rest of,most of,all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.
4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数.
5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数.
6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.
7,当主语后面有as well as,with,along with,together with,but,like,rather than,except,逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.
8,each作主语的同位语时,谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关.
9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.
10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致..
11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news,works,plastics等同属此类.
12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数(trousers,glasses,shoes.shorts.scissors.scales等)作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数..
13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.
14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数.
15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,"the one of + 复数名词+定语从句"定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.
16,表示时间,距离,金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词常用单数,但若强调数量,谓语动词可用复数
集合名词的主谓一致:1)单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类
2)单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体,即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内,所以只有单数形式.如作主语,谓语动词常用单数.这类名词常见的有:humanity,mankind,proletariat等.
3)复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的,就是说它们只有单数形式,但表达的都是复数概念.它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有:police,cattle,faculty,flock,machinery,vermin,personnel等.它们作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.
4)单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时,用单数动词或复数动词均可,有时意义区别不大.
大致就这些,百度百科上的太复杂,就帮你简略了一些。
关于楼主你的追问,accroding to the research ,there (is or are) 80 % students 【用is,因为there 修饰the research ,the research 是单数,所以用is】 (spend or spends) about 3 hours in playing computer games every week and the rest of them ( spend or spends) 1 hours in reading books instead of playing computer games.
第二处根据之前用地单数新式【此处修饰there,用单数,选spends】
第三处用单数哦,【因为the rest 才是真正的主语哦,选spends】
楼主不懂还可以追问,望采纳,谢谢
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主语和谓语的单复数形式一致
这就太复杂了 你可以百度百科去看一下
这就太复杂了 你可以百度百科去看一下
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嗯。那能帮我用主谓一致来分析一下这道题目吗。涉及到了主谓一致中的哪些语法知识?
accroding to the research ,there (is or are) 80 % students (spend or spends) about 3 hours in playing computer games every week and the rest of them ( spend or spends) 1 hours in reading books instead of playing computer games.
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