Question

动词现在分词 和 动名词 是否都是 用 v-ing 表示/

Answer 1

是的.
动名词和现在分词在用法上的区别
(1)作定语的区别.分词往往表示它所修饰的词所做的动作,即逻辑主语是它所修饰的词；动名词往往表示与它所修饰的词有关的动作,即所修饰的词不能充当逻辑主语.例如：
the raging storm (= the storm that is raging) (狂暴的风雨)（分词）
scorching heat (= heat that is scorching) (炙人的热气)（分词）
sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) (动名词)
working method (= method of working)(动名词)
(2)作表语的区别.分词作表语时保持它的形容词特征,动名词作表语时保持它的名词特征.动名词作表语时常可与主语互换位置,分词则不行.例如：
The novel is interesting. ( 现在分词)
My job is teaching English. (动名词)
(3)作状语的区别.分词具有副词特征,可以直接用作状语；动名词不具有副词特征,不能单独作状语,只有与介词结合时才能作状语.例如：
1) Hearing the news, they immediately set off for the station. (分词作状语)
2) Given another chance, I’ll do it much better. (分词作状语)
3) After finishing his homework, he went to the reading-room. (动名词与介词一起作状语)
4) On ing in she laid a file of documents upon the table. (动名词与介词一起作状语)