英语句子的基本句型有哪些?分别是什么意思?

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一、以形式主语it引导的句型。
  句型1. It happened(chanced) that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. = sb. did sth. by chance. 如:
  It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在。=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.

  句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如:(还有动词appear可这样使用)
  It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好象你大灶晌以去过北京。=He seemed to have been Beijing before.

  句型3. It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.如:
  It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移,及形式)。
  It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)
  It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。(句中am不能用are来代替。)

  句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语+should do / did+其它。(注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气)
  It is high time that we should go / went home.我辩弊们该回家了。

  句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)+that+从句. 如:
It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。=He was said to have read this novel.

  句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should+do / should have done,其形式是虚拟语气。)如:
  It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。
  句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have
  done的形式,但should可以省略。)如:
  He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。

  句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如:
  It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。

  句型9、It is/was+表示地滚锋点的名词+where+从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句。)如:
  It was this house where I was born.请比较:It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)

  句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词+when+从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句。)如:
  It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
  句型11、It is well-known that+从句。如:
  It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女。

  句型12、It is +段时间+since+主语+did. 请比较:
  It was +段时间+since+主语+had done. 如:
  It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。
  It was five years since he left here.(同上)

  句型13、It +谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语.( before引导的是时间状语从句。) 如:
  It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
  It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。

  句型14、It is +形容词+for+ sb.+ to do. 如:
  It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。

  句型15、It is +(心理品质方面的)形容词+of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词+to do.(常用的形容词有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如:
  It is kind of you to help me.=You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。

  二、定语从句:
  句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:
  As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知,他是个很好的学生。请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句。)

  句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:
  He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
 他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)

  句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:
  This is the house where I used to come.请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come to.
  This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.

  说明:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。

  三、让步状语从句
  句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when /
  whose+从句,+主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如:
  No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么,一定要做好。
  No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿,请通知我。
  说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。
  注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it.
  句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。

  四、条件状语从句
  句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句,+主句。(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如:
  As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。
  Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well.
  一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。

  句型21、主句+on condition that+从句。如:
  I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。

  句型22、主句+unless+从句.(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如:
  I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。

  句型23、祈使句,+and/ and then+主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语。)如:
  Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。
  Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句,我就揍你。

  句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句。如:
  If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话,我来做此事。

  五、原因状语从句
  句型25、主句+in case+从句。(in case表示以免)如:
  I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。

  句型26、主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如:

  He did not come to school because of the fact that he was
ill.由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。

  六、时间状语从句
  句型27、When / While / As +从句,+主句。(关于它们之间的区别请看语法。)如:
  When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时,我常常给你打水。

  句型28、主句+after / before +从句. 如:
  They hadn’t been married four months before they were
  devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
  We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。

  句型29、主语+肯定谓语+until+从句(或时间).请比较:

  主语+否定谓语+until+从句。如:
  I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。
  I didn’t worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。
  句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句,+主句. 如:
  My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家,我父亲就出去了。

  句型31、No sooner +had + 主语+done…than +主语+did. 请比较:
  主语+had + no sooner +done…than +主语+did. 如:
  No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。
  I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.

  句型32、Hardly +had +主语+done…when / before + 主语+did.请比较:主语+had +hardly +
  done…when / before +主语+did.
  Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。
  She had hardly had supper when she went out.

  句型33、By the time+从句,+主句.(注意时态的变化。)如:
  By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书。
  By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时,我将写完这本书。

  句型34、each / every time +从句,+主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter
  when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如:
  Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨,总是随便来看看我。

  七、地点状语从句
  句型35、Where +从句,+主句. 如:
  Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。

  句型36、Anywhere / wherever+从句,+主句. 如:
  Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也去哪儿。
  I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿。

  八、目的状语从句
  句型37、主句+in order that / so that +从句.如:
  I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车。

  句型38、主句+for + sb. +to do.(注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。)如:
  He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。
  九、结果状语从句
  句型39、主句+so that+从句. 如:
  It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很冷,因此河水结冰了。

  句型40、So+形容词/ 副词+特定动词+主语+…+that+从句.
  So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。

  句型41、主语+谓语+such+名词+that+从句.如:
  He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快,老师表扬了他。

  句型42、Such was + 主语+that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如:
  Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了。

  十、比较状语从句
  句型43、The +形容词比较级……,(主句)the +形容词比较级+……如:
  The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。

  句型44、主语+谓语+as +形容词原级+as +被比较的对象. 如:
  He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。

  句型45、主语+谓语+the+形容词比较级+of / between …
  He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。
  句型46、主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+被比较的对象.如:
  This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。(这个房间比那个房间大两倍。)

  句型47、主语+谓语+百分数/倍数+形容词比较级+than+被比较的对象.如:
  This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。
  The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍。

  句型48、主语+谓语+the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如:
  Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼比你们的高两倍。

  十一、其它句型
  句型49、It doesn’t matter wh-+从句。如:
  It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。
  It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。

  句型50、形容词/ 副词 / 名词(可数单数)+as / though +主语+谓语,+主句.如:
  Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小,但他知道得很多。
  Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格。
  Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。

  句型51、Were / Should / Had +主语+谓语,+主句.如
  Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了。

  句型52、Only +状语+特定动词+主语+谓语…
  Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。
  Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。
  Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时,我才认识到我错了。

  句型53、Not only +特定动词+主语+谓语…but also+主语+谓语…
  Not only did he learn English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好,而且法语讲得很流利。
  句型54、whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…

  句型55、主语+doubt+whether + 从句. 请比较:
  主语+特定否定词+doubt+that+从句. 如:
  I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。

  十二.句型1:too +adj./adv.+to do
  The boy is too young to go to school.这孩子太小不能上学。

  句型2:adj./ad v.+enough to do
  The girl is old enough to go to school.这女孩到了上学的年龄。

  句型3:...in order to do
  He stood up in order to see better.他站了起来,好看清楚些。

  句型4:...have to do
  You'll have to go home now.现在你得回家了。

  句型5:There's no time to do this.
  There's no time for me to play now.现在我没时间玩。
海的回憶
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英语句子五种基本句型:
第一基本句型 主语+不及物动唯孝词(S+IV)
第二基本句型 主语+系动词+主语补足语(表语)(S+LV+SC)
第三基本句型 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+TV+O)
第四基本句模山拍型 主语+双宾语动词+双宾语(S+DV+IO+DO)
第五基本句型主语+宾语补语+复合宾语(S+FV+O+OC)另外还有一些旦羡从句
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Lamour11
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英语句子五种基本句型:
第一基本句型 主语+不及物动词(S+IV)
第二基本句型 主语+系动词+主语补足语(表语)(S+LV+SC)
第三基猜型本句型 主语+及汪兆戚物动词+宾语(S+TV+O)
第困陵四基本句型 主语+双宾语动词+双宾语(S+DV+IO+DO)
第五基本句型主语+宾语补语+复合宾语(S+FV+O+OC)
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