Question

语法问题

after having been instructed to drive out of town ， i began to acquire confidence
after having been instructed to drive out of town 这句话为什么用被动 ？ 不用可以吗？ 或者换成过去完成时被动语态

after i had been instructed to drive out of town 可以么

i was almost beginning to enjoy my test 是现在分词作状语吗
i continued driving and after time the examiner tapped loudly
i continued driving是过去分词作定语吧？ 因为是及物动词表示完成和被动吧 这车被他继续开？

i suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard 这个也是过去分词作定语吗？

谢谢了
回答好会追加的

Answer 1

after having been instructed to drive out of town ， i began to acquire confidence
after having been instructed to drive out of town 这句话为什么用被动 ？ 不用可以吗？ 或者换成过去完成时被动语态
答：这不是一个完整的句子，这是非谓语做状语，它的逻辑主语是后面主句中的I,看I与动词instucted的关系是我被指导被告诉。被动是不能改变的。
after i had been instructed to drive out of town 可以么
答：可以，任何一个非谓语都可以改写成适当的从句，你的这种改法就是改成了由after引导的时间状语从句
i was almost beginning to enjoy my test 是现在分词作状语吗
答：不是滴，这里的现在分词是beginning，它是因为要表示现在进行时而将begin变形成现在分词，相反to enjoy my test倒是不定式做目的状语。
i continued driving and after time the examiner tapped loudly
i continued driving是过去分词作定语吧？ 因为是及物动词表示完成和被动吧 这车被他继续开？
这里过去分词是continued，这是谓语，因为要表示过去因此在一般过去时中continue变形成过去分词。过去分词作定语有可能表示与修饰词的被动关系，但是这是谓语因此就不存在什么完成和被动了
i suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard 这个也是过去分词作定语吗？
答：同上，这是过去分词做谓语。

Answer 2

朋友，主动与被动，你要首先看的是这个句子真正的主语。

after having been instructed to drive out of town ， i began to acquire confidence。

你看 instructed 明显是个动词，通过逻辑思维，只能别人指示你，你指示别人意思就
不通了。

Answer 3

After I have been instructed to drive out of town.

I continued driving and after some time the examiner tapped loudly.

I don't know how to explain, I grew up in an english speaking country, so I didn't learn all those grammar syntaxes the way Chinese people in China did. But the sentences I wrote above are correct.

Answer 4

after having been instructed to drive out of town 这句话用被动是因为 这句话的逻辑主语是后面那句话中的 "I" 。翻译为“我被指导如何驶出这个小镇”。
如果想把这句话变成过去完成时，句子要这样说 After I had been instructed to drive out of town，I began to acquire confidence.