高中英语必修4知识点总结
高中英语必修4必备知识点
1、place orders for sth. 订购 in order of age 按照年龄的顺序 in disorder = out of order 混乱
2、arrest sb. for sth. 因某事而逮捕某人 be under arrest 在逮捕中
3、free o
fcharge 免费 charge sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 get sth. charged 给某物充电 take charge of = be in charge of 负责 take the charge of = be in the charge of 被负责
4、at a flick of a switch 轻按开关 switch on/off 打开/关闭 switch to 调到
5、not all most 几乎不 not nearly 远非
6、be busy doing = be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 忙于 on business 出差
7、throw/cast/shad light on 阐明观点
8、be/get stuck in = be trapped in 被困于,陷在 be stuck with 被……纠缠不清
stick to the plan 坚持计划 stick to doing = insist on doing = persist in doing
9、be marked with 标记 be caved with 雕刻
10、It’s worthwhile to do/of doing = be worth doing = be worthy of being done/of to be done 值得
11、limit to = restrict to 局限于
12、get around/round/about 到处走动;传播
13、at no time 决不 in no time 立刻
14、be on show/exhibition/display 在展览上
15、be crowded with 拥挤 the crowd 人群
16、the solution to ……的解决 the key to ……的关键 the answer to ……的答案 (to为介词)
17、stand in line = stand in a queue 站成一列
18、carry out 执行
19、keep cool = keep calm = calm down 镇定下来
20、greet sb. with sth. 用某物来问候某人
高中英语必修4知识要点
非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
1. 在need,want,require, hear等词的'后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。
2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.(to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。)
试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter
to be posted? (此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)
4. 在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).
5. 在too… to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive (for me)to buy.
6. 在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。
例There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁 lost time不明确。)
高中英语必修4语法知识
情态动词表推测的三种时态
1.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。
(1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。
2.对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。
(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。
注:情态动词 should /ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应……”但与“have +过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。例如:
(4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. 现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达。(推测)
(5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虚拟) 她本该出席你的生日晚会的,可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。
(6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虚拟) 汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密,可是他并无恶意。
助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类:基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modalauxiliary)。
基本助动词有三个:do, have和be;
情态助动词基本的有十四个:may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.had better 上述两类助动词的共同特征是,在协助主动词构成限定动词词组