非谓语是什么
非谓语是指在句子中不担任谓语成分而担任其他语法功能的动词形式,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
非谓语动词不能独立作谓语,但可以承担句子的其他成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
拓展资料:
1.非谓语动词——不定式
①不定式的主动式:
举例:I need to go swimming.我需要去游泳了。
举例:The phone is to be repairing.这个手机正在被修理。
举例:He seems to have arrived.他似乎已经到了。
②不定式的被动式:
举例:The phone is to be repaired.这个手机需要被修理。
冉老师举例:The classroom is to have been cleaned.这件教室是已经被打扫了的。
③不定式的否定式:
举例:I needn't to go swimming.我不需要去游泳。
举例:The phone isn't to be repaired.这手机不需要修。
冉老师举例:He seems not to have arrived.他似乎还没有到。
④不定式的复合结构:
举例:It's hardfor me to believe that.我很难相信那个。
2.非谓语动词——现在分词
①现在分词的主动式:
冉老师举例:Doing exerciseis helpful for us.做运动对我们好。
举例:Having finished his homework,Jack went to swimming with his classmates.已经完成了家庭作业,杰克和他的同学去游泳了。
②现在分词的被动式:
举例:Being told the serious reason,he finally gave up that plan.(因为)被告知那个严肃的原因,他最后放弃了那个计划。
举例:Having been cleaned, the classroom is very clean.已经被打扫了,(因此)这间教室非常干净。
③现在分词的否定形式:
举例:Not having finishedhis homework,Jack didn’t go to swimming with his classmates.还未完成家庭作业,杰克没有和朋友去游泳。
3.非谓语动词——过去分词
举例:This bookcalled Jane Eyre is my favorite book.这本名叫《简爱》的书是我最喜欢的书。
4.非谓语动词——动名词
①动名词的主动式:
②动名词的被动语态:
③动名词分词的否定形式:
④动名词的复合结构:
举例:Can you see my smiling face?你可以看到我笑容灿烂的脸吗?