2个回答
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一、if或whether引导宾语从句时,作“是否”讲,常放在动词ask 、see 、say 、know和find out等后面。一般情况下,两者常可换用,在口语中多用if。如:
例1 Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。
例2 Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣。
二、if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。
1 if或whether不能和that 或其它连词(副词)同时使用,也不能省去。如:
例3 我不知道他今天是否会来。
[误] I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today .
[正] I don’t know if(whether) he will come here today .
例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。
[误] He came to see what if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
[正] He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
2 if或whether引导的宾语从句时,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序。如:
例5 Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old woman asked me .
The old woman asked me .if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。
3 if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时,从句用任一种时态;主句为一般过去时,从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。如:
例6 I don’t know if (whether) he has come here . 我不知道他是否来过这儿。
例7 Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book . 汤姆问我是否看过这本书 。
三、if和whether的区别:
1 在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。如:
例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:
例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 在介词后,只能用whether。如:
例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether 。如:
例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
5用if会引起歧义时,只用whether。如:
例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?
这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”。如用whether可避免歧义。
例1 Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。
例2 Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣。
二、if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。
1 if或whether不能和that 或其它连词(副词)同时使用,也不能省去。如:
例3 我不知道他今天是否会来。
[误] I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today .
[正] I don’t know if(whether) he will come here today .
例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。
[误] He came to see what if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
[正] He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
2 if或whether引导的宾语从句时,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序。如:
例5 Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old woman asked me .
The old woman asked me .if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。
3 if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时,从句用任一种时态;主句为一般过去时,从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。如:
例6 I don’t know if (whether) he has come here . 我不知道他是否来过这儿。
例7 Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book . 汤姆问我是否看过这本书 。
三、if和whether的区别:
1 在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。如:
例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:
例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 在介词后,只能用whether。如:
例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether 。如:
例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
5用if会引起歧义时,只用whether。如:
例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?
这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”。如用whether可避免歧义。
参考资料: http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/3917381.html
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whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如:
I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.
Ask him whether / if he can come.
但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别。
1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,而if一般不能。如:
正: Let me know whether you can come or not.
误: Let me know if you can come or not.
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if。如:
正: Whether it is true or not, I can't tell.
误: If it is true or not, I can't tell.
3. whether可以引导带to的不定式,if则不能。如:
正: I don't know whether to accept or refuse.
误: I don't know if to accept or refuse.
4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语,但if不能。如:
正: I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
误: I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
5. whether可以引导从句,作主语、表语或同位语,而if不能。如:
正: It was uncertain whether he would come.
误: It was uncertain if he would come.
正: His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
误: His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.
正: We must consider the question whether we will take these measures.
误: We must consider the question if we will take these measures.
更多英语难点解析尽在 http://www.jxue.com/mid
I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.
Ask him whether / if he can come.
但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别。
1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,而if一般不能。如:
正: Let me know whether you can come or not.
误: Let me know if you can come or not.
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if。如:
正: Whether it is true or not, I can't tell.
误: If it is true or not, I can't tell.
3. whether可以引导带to的不定式,if则不能。如:
正: I don't know whether to accept or refuse.
误: I don't know if to accept or refuse.
4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语,但if不能。如:
正: I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
误: I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
5. whether可以引导从句,作主语、表语或同位语,而if不能。如:
正: It was uncertain whether he would come.
误: It was uncertain if he would come.
正: His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
误: His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.
正: We must consider the question whether we will take these measures.
误: We must consider the question if we will take these measures.
更多英语难点解析尽在 http://www.jxue.com/mid
参考资料: http://www.jxue.com/mid
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