Question

英语复杂句子结构分析

Safety culture is that assembly of characteristics and attitudes in organizations and
individuals which establishes that, as an overriding priority, nuclear power plant
safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance.
请分析一下语法，其中的两个that都引导从句吗？从句的结构如何？which指代什么？

下面是译文：安全文化是存在于单位和个人中的种种特性和态度的总和，它建立一种超出一切之上的观念，即核电厂安全问题由于它的重要性要保证得到应有的重视。

Answer 1

1、第一个 that 相当于 the，用that 是为引起读者注意后面的陈述——“assembly of characteristics and attitudes in organizations and
individuals”；
2、which引导一个定语从句，修饰 individuals

3、第二个 that 是宾语 作定语从句中谓语动词establishes的宾语，指代：that assembly。
4、 an overriding priority 翻译成“重中之重”比较好！

你的那个译文中，把assembly翻译成“总和”不是很合适。整个译文翻译得很不到位！

原文真正要表达的意思如下：

“安全文化是组织中诸多特性和态度的集中体现，是各个个人皆应作为‘重中之重’而树立之的整体意识；核电厂的各种安全问题尤为重要，务必要引起重视。”

Answer 2

你好。

第一个that是形容词，做assembly的定语

which指代assembly,做establishes的主语。

第二个that是宾语从句的连接词。这里establishes==shows / proves.

sth establises that + 句子

祝你愉快。

追问

第1个that很别扭啊，是不是一般都用the的？
这里用that要强调什么呢？

追答

仔细看吧，结构是 that assembly -- -- -which - - - - -
that的使用在於“强调”assembly.

that assembly -- -- -that / which - - - -
-== the very assembly -- - -that -- - -

She is that girl who lives next door.
== She is the very girl that lives next door.

追问

嗯，明白了，是“那样的特定的”assembly，不是别的什么。

追答

you are right this time.

Answer 3

给你个例子。
How much more elegant is it to slay your foe, with the roses of irony than to massacre him with the axes of sarcasm or to belabour him with the bludgeon of invective？
有从句的话先抓主句，这里没有从句，因为没有另一套主谓结构，另一套主谓结构就是一个从句或一个并列句。
主句中的动词是“is”，注意后面的“slay”“massacre”“belabour”都在前面有一个“to”，表示他们是不定式的一部分，整个不定式是名词性的，谓语动词就是“is”，是“大谓”。由前面的“How much”知道这是一个疑问句，主谓倒装。所以“it”是主语。而后面的“to slay your foe with the roses of irony”显然跟“it”是同义的，可以看作状语，其实it是个形式主语。而“than”是介词，后面跟的一大串都是介宾结构，就是状语。
因此分析出来：
it：主语
is：谓语动词
how much more elegant：表语
to slay ... irony：状语
than后面的东西：状语
整句翻译：用讥讽的玫瑰镇服你的对手，较之用嘲弄的板斧将他剁砍或用谩骂的大头棒将他捶打，有多温文尔雅呢？

或有些许错误，请指正。

Answer 4

第一个that 引导表语从句，即
that assembly of characteristics and attitudes in organizations and
individuals which establishes that nuclear power plant
safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance.
//////
which 引导的非限制性定语从句，即which establishes that
nuclear power plant safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance，
修饰Safety culture.
其中，that 引导宾语从句，即 that nuclear power plant safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance.

Answer 5

Safety culture is// that assembly of characteristics and attitudes in organizations and
individuals which establishes that, as an overriding priority, //是表语从句，//nuclear power plant
safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance//做同位语.
第一个that引导表语从句；第二个that是指示代词，which指代的是characteristics and attitudes