把下列多项式因式分解。
1.(x²+2x+1)(x²+2x+2)-122.7(x-1)²+4(x-1)(y+2)-20(y+2)²3.x³-9x...
1.(x²+2x+1)(x²+2x+2)-12
2. 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)(y+2)-20(y+2)²
3.x³-9x+8
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2. 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)(y+2)-20(y+2)²
3.x³-9x+8
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1.(x²+2x+1)(x²+2x+2)-12
=(x²+2x+1)(x²+2x+1+1)-12
=(x²+2x+1)²+(x²+2x+1)-12
=(x²+2x+1+4)(x²+2x+1-3)
=(x²+2x+5)(x²+2x-2)
有理数范围内无法分解
=(x²+2x+5)(x²+2x+1-3)
=(x²+2x+5)[(x+1)²-3]
=(x²+2x+5)[(x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)]
实数范围内无法分解
=(x²+2x+1+4)(x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)
=[(x+1)²+4](x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)
=(x+1+2i)(x+1-2i)(x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)
2. 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)
=(x-1)[7(x-1)+4]
=(x-1)(7x-7+4)
=(x-1)(7x-3)
(y+2)-20(y+2)²
=(y+2)[1-20(y+2)]
=(y+2)(1-20y-40)
=-(y+2)(20y+39)
3. x³-9x+8
= x³-x²+x²-x-8x+8
= x²(x-1)+x(x-1)-8(x-1)
=(x-1)(x²+x-8)
有理数范围内无法分解
=(x-1)(x²+x+1/4-8-1/4)
=(x-1)[(x+1/2)²-33/4]
=(x-1)(x+1/2+√33/2)(x+1/2-√33/2)
=(x²+2x+1)(x²+2x+1+1)-12
=(x²+2x+1)²+(x²+2x+1)-12
=(x²+2x+1+4)(x²+2x+1-3)
=(x²+2x+5)(x²+2x-2)
有理数范围内无法分解
=(x²+2x+5)(x²+2x+1-3)
=(x²+2x+5)[(x+1)²-3]
=(x²+2x+5)[(x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)]
实数范围内无法分解
=(x²+2x+1+4)(x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)
=[(x+1)²+4](x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)
=(x+1+2i)(x+1-2i)(x+1+√3)(x+1-√3)
2. 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)
=(x-1)[7(x-1)+4]
=(x-1)(7x-7+4)
=(x-1)(7x-3)
(y+2)-20(y+2)²
=(y+2)[1-20(y+2)]
=(y+2)(1-20y-40)
=-(y+2)(20y+39)
3. x³-9x+8
= x³-x²+x²-x-8x+8
= x²(x-1)+x(x-1)-8(x-1)
=(x-1)(x²+x-8)
有理数范围内无法分解
=(x-1)(x²+x+1/4-8-1/4)
=(x-1)[(x+1/2)²-33/4]
=(x-1)(x+1/2+√33/2)(x+1/2-√33/2)
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1.(x²+2x+1)(x²+2x+2)-12
=(x²+2x+1)[(x²+2x+1)+1]-12
=(x²+2x+1)²+(x²+2x+1)-12
=[(x²+2x+1)-3][(x²+2x+1)+4]
=(x²+2x-2)(x²+2x+5)
2. 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)(y+2)-20(y+2)²
=[7(x-1)-10(y+2)][(x-1)+2(y+2)]
=(7x-10y-27)(x+2y+3)
3.x³-9x+8
=(x³-x)-8x+8
=x(x-1)(x+1)-8(x-1)
=(x-1)(x²+x-8)
=(x²+2x+1)[(x²+2x+1)+1]-12
=(x²+2x+1)²+(x²+2x+1)-12
=[(x²+2x+1)-3][(x²+2x+1)+4]
=(x²+2x-2)(x²+2x+5)
2. 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)(y+2)-20(y+2)²
=[7(x-1)-10(y+2)][(x-1)+2(y+2)]
=(7x-10y-27)(x+2y+3)
3.x³-9x+8
=(x³-x)-8x+8
=x(x-1)(x+1)-8(x-1)
=(x-1)(x²+x-8)
追问
为什么第二题中 7(x-1)²+4(x-1)(y+2)-20(y+2)²直接就到[7(x-1)-10(y+2)][(x-1)+2(y+2)]了?
中间过程是什么?
追答
这个是十字相乘法。
若x-1=a,y+2=b
原式=7a²+4ab-20b²=(7a-10b)(a+2b)
所以用十字相乘法可以直接得到上面的结果。
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