IOS开发使用Afnetworking如何在后台进行网络请求使用

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huanglenzhi
2015-01-13 · 知道合伙人数码行家
huanglenzhi
知道合伙人数码行家
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长期从事计算机组装,维护,网络组建及管理。对计算机硬件、操作系统安装、典型网络设备具有详细认知。

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  如何通过URL获取json数据
  第一种,利用AFJSONRequestOperation,官方网站上给的例子:
  NSString *str=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"https://alpha-api.app.net/stream/0/posts/stream/global"];

  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[str stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

  NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

  // 从URL获取json数据

  AFJSONRequestOperation *operation1 = [AFJSONRequestOperation JSONRequestOperationWithRequest:requestsuccess:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSDictionary* JSON) {

  NSLog(@"获取到的数据为:%@",JSON);

  } failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error, id data) {

  NSLog(@"发生错误!%@",error);

  }];

  [operation1 start];

  第二种方法,利用AFHTTPRequestOperation 先获取到字符串形式的数据,然后转换成json格式,将NSString格式的数据转换成json数据,利用IOS5自带的json解析方法:

  NSString *str=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"https://alpha-api.app.net/stream/0/posts/stream/global"];

  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[str stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

  NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

  AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];

  [operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {

  NSString *html = operation.responseString;

  NSData* data=[html dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

  id dict=[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:nil];

  NSLog(@"获取到的数据为:%@",dict);

  }failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {

  NSLog(@"发生错误!%@",error);

  }];

  NSOperationQueue *queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];

  [queue addOperation:operation];

  如果发生Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1000 "bad URL" UserInfo=0x14defc80 {NSUnderlyingError=0x14deea10 "bad URL", NSLocalizedDescription=bad URL这个错误,请检查URL编码格式。有没有进行stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding

  如何通过URL获取图片

  异步获取图片,通过队列实现,而且图片会有缓存,在下次请求相同的链接时,系统会自动调用缓存,而不从网上请求数据。

  UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f)]; [imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://i.imgur.com/r4uwx.jpg"]placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder-avatar"]]; [self.view addSubview:imageView];
  上面的方法是官方提供的,还有一种方法,

  NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.scott-sherwood.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/scene.png"]];

  AFImageRequestOperation *operation = [AFImageRequestOperation imageRequestOperationWithRequest:requestimageProcessingBlock:nil success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, UIImage *image) {

  self.backgroundImageView.image = image;

  } failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {

  NSLog(@"Error %@",error);

  }];

  

  [operation start];

  如果使用第一种URLWithString: placeholderImage:会有更多的细节处理,其实实现还是通过AFImageRequestOperation处理,可以点击URLWithString: placeholderImage:方法进去看一下就一目了然了。所以我觉得还是用第一种好。

  如何通过URL获取plist文件

  通过url获取plist文件的内容,用的很少,这个方法在官方提供的方法里面没有

  NSString *weatherUrl = @"http://www.calinks.com.cn/buick/kls/Buickhousekeeper.plist";

  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[weatherUrl stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

  NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

  [AFPropertyListRequestOperation addAcceptableContentTypes:[NSSet setWithObject:@"text/plain"]];

  AFPropertyListRequestOperation *operation = [AFPropertyListRequestOperation propertyListRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, id propertyList) {

  NSLog(@"%@",(NSDictionary *)propertyList);

  
  }failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error, id propertyList) {

  NSLog(@"%@",error);

  }];

  

  [operation start];

  如果稍不留神,可能就出现Error Domain=AFNetworkingErrorDomain Code=-1016 "Expected content type {(

  "application/x-plist"

  )}, got text/plain" UserInfo=0x16e91ce0 {NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=

  

  ...

  ...

  , AFNetworkingOperationFailingURLRequestErrorKey= { }, NSErrorFailingURLKey=, NSLocalizedDescription=Expected content type {(

  "application/x-plist"

  )}, got text/plain, AFNetworkingOperationFailinponseErrorKey= { URL: } { status code: 200, headers {

  "Accept-Ranges" = bytes;

  Connection = "keep-alive";

  "Content-Length" = 974;

  "Content-Type" = "text/plain";

  Date = "Sat, 25 Jan 2014 07:29:26 GMT";

  Etag = ""1014c2-3ce-4ee63e1c80e00"";

  "Last-Modified" = "Wed, 25 Dec 2013 23:04:24 GMT";

  Server = "nginx/1.4.2";

  

  } }}

  可能还会出现乱码,解决办法就是[AFPropertyListRequestOperation addAcceptableContentTypes:[NSSet setWithObject:@"text/plain"]];

  如何通过URL获取XML数据

  xml解析使用AFXMLRequestOperation,需要实现苹果自带的NSXMLParserDelegate委托方法,XML中有一些不需要的协议格式内容,所以就不能像json那样解析,还得实现委托。我之前有想过能否所有的XML链接用一个类处理,而且跟服务端做了沟通,结果很不方便,效果不好。XML大多标签不同,格式也不固定,所以就有问题,使用json就要方便的多。

  第一步;在.h文件中加入委托NSXMLParserDelegate

  第二步;在.m文件方法中加入代码

  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://113.106.90.22:5244/sshopinfo"];

  NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

  AFXMLRequestOperation *operation =

  [AFXMLRequestOperation XMLParserRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request,NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSXMLParser *XMLParser) {

  XMLParser.delegate = self;

  [XMLParser setShouldProcessNamespaces:YES];

  [XMLParser parse];

  }failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error, NSXMLParser *XMLParser) {

  NSLog(@"%@",error);

  }];

  [operation start];

  第三步;在.m文件中实现委托方法

  //在文档开始的时候触发

  -(void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{

  NSLog(@"解析开始!");

  }

  //解析起始标记

  - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict{

  NSLog(@"标记:%@",elementName);

  
  }

  //解析文本节点

  - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string{

  NSLog(@"值:%@",string);

  }

  //解析结束标记

  - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName{

  NSLog(@"结束标记:%@",elementName);

  }

  //文档结束时触发

  -(void) parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{

  NSLog(@"解析结束!");
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