Question

请教英语语法

Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.
1、为什么用That，而不用the ,it之类的？
2、when引导的是宾语从句吗？还是状语从句
Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.
1、in which引导的是同位语从句吧？因为前面的the social cure不做成分
2、 improve their lives 是什么成分？目的状语和宾语补足语的区别是什么啊？
谢谢，基础差，很多问题望请教

Answer 1

1. that在这里是形容词修饰whispered message that一般有指示远处事物的功能 相当于中文里的"那" 在这里即指 “那种低声耳语” 这里用the代替是可以的 但是没有that这么好 用it则不行 因为它不是形容词不能放在名词前做定语 同时它也不是冠词
2. when引导的是时间状语从句 表示"当....的时候"
1. in which引导的是非限制性定语从句 which指代the social cure in which 即指代in the social
cure在从句 中做地点状语
(从句相当于in the social cure organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to
help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world)
2. improve their lives这里是不定式(省略to)做宾语补足语 补充说明help的宾语individuals
目的状语是表目的，作用范围是动作或者整个句子
宾补是对宾语起补充作用, 作用范围是宾语这个名词
比如 I have to give her money to make her happy 中 to make her happy是目的状语 作用范围
是give her money这个动作或者说整个句子I have to give her money

追问

and possibly the world,the world 是名词，为什么要用副词possibly?是修饰整个句子吗

追答

the world 是和their lives并列一起做improve的宾语 possibly是作状语修饰动词improve

Answer 2

第一句：1.that 是定语，而 the 或 it 不能用来作定语。2.when 引导状语从句。
第二句：1. in which 引导非限制性定语从句。前面的the social cure 是介词 through 的宾语。
what she calls 是插入语。2. improve their lives 是宾语补足语。目的状语和宾语补足语的区别是前者用来说明主语的行为，后者用来说明宾语的行为。例如：I've come to help you. 我来帮助你。to help you 是目的状语，是我(主语)的行为。而 He wants me to help you. 他要我帮助你。to help you 是宾语补足语，是我(宾语)的行为。

Answer 3

Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.
1、为什么用That，而不用the ,it之类的？
2、when引导的是宾语从句吗？还是状语从句
回答1.that 强调前面提高的“Come on –Everybody’s doing it.”这个口信，用the也可以。it 不可以。that/the 修饰message.it不行。
回答2.when引导的是时间状语从句
Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.
1、in which引导的是定从句吧？修饰the social cure
2、 improve their lives 是宾语individual 的补足语。
目的状语表示目的。
宾语补足语：补充说明宾语。

追问

the power of group dynamics 是宾语吧，to help individuals improve their lives 是目的状语吗？

追答

the power of group dynamics 是宾语，to help individuals improve their lives 是目的状语