托福阅读遇到词汇题怎么办
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托福阅读词汇题如何拿高分的技巧。
首先,你得知道词汇题到底考什么?
1、考察词汇量和对上下文的理解能力。
2、要求考生确定文章中个别单词或短语的具体意思(一词多义存在)。没有一个必然会考到的“词汇表”。
3、通常情况下,被考的单词或短语对理解文章的一个大的或重要的部分起至关重要的作用。
难题如何破解?两招教你拿高分!
词汇无非两种:熟词和生词。生词毋庸置疑,肯定是拦路虎。那么熟词呢?其实熟词也有陷阱——熟词多义!下面将重点分析熟词多义和生词的解题技巧。
一、熟词多义
此类题要求我们结合上下文,选出符合语境的词义。
例1:The advantage of nesting on cliffs is the immunity it gives from foxes, which cannot scale the sheer rocks, and from ravens and other species of gulls, which have difficulty in landing on narrow ledges to steal eggs.
The word "scale" in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) climb
(B) avoid
(C) approach
(D) measure
此题中 scale一词作名词,常译为“规模”,作动词,译为“衡量;攀登”。此题选项中出现了“攀登”(A)和“衡量”(D)两种释义,怎么选呢?这时候就要求 我们结合原文语境判断,原文scale后面的宾语为sheer rocks,主语为foxes,所以答案不可能为D项(衡量之意),只能选择A。
二、生词
生词的应对方法,核心在于结合上下文,进行推理。常用的推理方法有:
构词法;排除法; 寻找同义或反义的表达;综合运用多种技巧;
例2:Puritan town councils expected widows and unattached women to be self-supporting and for a long time provided needy spinsters with parcels of land.
The phrase unattached women is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) women without high social status
(B) women without property
(C) unmarried women
(D) unemployed women
这道题需要运用同义替换法。unattached women与widows并列,在表达上应该意义相近,结合选项,很容易选出C项(只有该项是和婚姻有关)。
例3:Of mammals only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red flag is black to the bull. Horses live in a monochrome world .Light visible to human eyes however occupies only a very narrow band in the whole electromagnetic spectrum. Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them.
The word monochrome is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) monotonous
(B) ultraviolet
(C) one-dimension
(D) one-color
这道题需要运用构词法。mono是表示“单一”的前缀,原文上下文讨论的话题是关于光谱颜色的,所以结合选项,能比较容易确定答案为D项。
首先,你得知道词汇题到底考什么?
1、考察词汇量和对上下文的理解能力。
2、要求考生确定文章中个别单词或短语的具体意思(一词多义存在)。没有一个必然会考到的“词汇表”。
3、通常情况下,被考的单词或短语对理解文章的一个大的或重要的部分起至关重要的作用。
难题如何破解?两招教你拿高分!
词汇无非两种:熟词和生词。生词毋庸置疑,肯定是拦路虎。那么熟词呢?其实熟词也有陷阱——熟词多义!下面将重点分析熟词多义和生词的解题技巧。
一、熟词多义
此类题要求我们结合上下文,选出符合语境的词义。
例1:The advantage of nesting on cliffs is the immunity it gives from foxes, which cannot scale the sheer rocks, and from ravens and other species of gulls, which have difficulty in landing on narrow ledges to steal eggs.
The word "scale" in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) climb
(B) avoid
(C) approach
(D) measure
此题中 scale一词作名词,常译为“规模”,作动词,译为“衡量;攀登”。此题选项中出现了“攀登”(A)和“衡量”(D)两种释义,怎么选呢?这时候就要求 我们结合原文语境判断,原文scale后面的宾语为sheer rocks,主语为foxes,所以答案不可能为D项(衡量之意),只能选择A。
二、生词
生词的应对方法,核心在于结合上下文,进行推理。常用的推理方法有:
构词法;排除法; 寻找同义或反义的表达;综合运用多种技巧;
例2:Puritan town councils expected widows and unattached women to be self-supporting and for a long time provided needy spinsters with parcels of land.
The phrase unattached women is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) women without high social status
(B) women without property
(C) unmarried women
(D) unemployed women
这道题需要运用同义替换法。unattached women与widows并列,在表达上应该意义相近,结合选项,很容易选出C项(只有该项是和婚姻有关)。
例3:Of mammals only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red flag is black to the bull. Horses live in a monochrome world .Light visible to human eyes however occupies only a very narrow band in the whole electromagnetic spectrum. Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them.
The word monochrome is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) monotonous
(B) ultraviolet
(C) one-dimension
(D) one-color
这道题需要运用构词法。mono是表示“单一”的前缀,原文上下文讨论的话题是关于光谱颜色的,所以结合选项,能比较容易确定答案为D项。
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