主语从句一定要以陈述句形式出现吗

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  是的,主语从句包含一个完整句子里所有必要的信息。
  宾语从句
(1)对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点
①语序: 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序, 即“主语 + 谓语”这种形式。
②时态: 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过去时的时候, 从句, 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态, 即(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去完成时, 过去将来时)。
③连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时, 连接词用that, 且可以省去, 当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用if或whether(是否), 当从句意思不完整时, 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。
状语从句
(2)对于状语从句, 我们主要学习了时间状语从句和条件状语从句。对于这两种状语从句, 除了注意语序要用陈述句语序外, 在时态上尤其要注意, “主将从现”这种结构(即: 当主句是将来时态时候), 从句如果也要用将来时, 则必须用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的连接词通常为: when, while, as soon as, until和if。所以, 当连接词为以上五个词时, 如果主句是将来时, 就要考虑从句是否也要用将来时, 如果是, 则用“主将从现”结构, 其它还有由so…that…构成的结果状语从句, 由Though…或…but…, 构成的让步状语从句和由because或so构成的原因状语从句, 注意Though(虽然)与but(但是), because(因为)与so(所以)不能同时出现在句子里, 只用其中之一表达汉语中两个词的意义。
表语从句
在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句,位于主句系动词的后面。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。也是名词性从句的一种。
如:What What the police want to know is when you enred red the room警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。
The The trouble is that we are short of funds困难是我们缺乏资金。
This This is what we should do这是我们应当做的。
That”s s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
His His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。
注意:从句中的疑问句用正常语序,即陈述语序。
as as if, as though, becau也可用来引导表语从句。
She She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起来好像做了一件大事。
It It is because you eat too much那是因为你吃得太多了。
同位语从句
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如:
I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在这里。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有new,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word(消息),possibility等。如:
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等。(注:if,which 不能引导同位语从句。)如:
l have no idea When he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。 如:
Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.
几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
五、同位语从匈与定语从句的区别。
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。如:
The news that l hove passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)
The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息。)
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如:
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(that在从句中不充当任何成份。)
The idea that he gave surprises many people.他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)
定语从句(很麻烦的说~)
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
3 .判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
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是的,主语从句包含一个完整句子里所有必要的信息,例如:
My dog likes pizza crusts,( 我的狗喜欢比萨饼皮)
从句中主题是狗,动词是喜欢, 读者马上就知道那是你的狗喜欢比萨饼皮,跟陈述句一样表达完整意思,可以单独存在。
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不一定的,只有宾语从句才会要求一定要陈述语句。
不可不知的主语从句

以下文段摘自2017年高考全国卷英语试题阅读第3篇:
Joy高斋翻译I分享:
Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”
这篇文章以欢庆第一届“国际爵士乐日”( International Jazz Day)引出下文,指出这个节日的创立能够帮助人们加深对爵士乐的认识,认识它的重要意义,并提出它能促进不同文化间的交流融合(to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying voice across cultures)。
但是,接下来文章以一个“though”字转折了一下,指出尽管有这个庆祝节日,美国欣赏爵士乐的人还是越来越少,而且大多是老人,年轻一代并不喜欢爵士乐(the music has failed to connect with younger generations)。
因此,Jason Moran希望能改变这个状况。
他表示,“What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.” 这句话实际上包含一个主语从句。我们将通过这个例子来总结一下主语从句的用法。
What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore
这句话的主语是一个小从句,“what i am hoping to accomplish ”,即我希望能实现什么。后面的“that my generation and younger start to … anymore” 是what的具体内容,what作宾语,即to accomplish what。
因此,整句话的意思就是说我希望我这一代人,包括年轻人在内,都能重新思考,明白爵士不再是黑人或白人的专利。
主语从句,顾名思义,就是说在句子中担当主语的是一个从句。
第一,像what引导的主语从句,在句子中what是要做成分的。
比如说What you said yesterday is right. 你昨天说的是对的。what作宾语,即said what yesterday。
第二,从句的位置?
1、它通常放在主句的谓语动词之前,比如说这篇文章里的这句话,主句的谓语动词是is,从句what i am hoping to accomplish放在is的前面。
2、或者用形式主语it代替。真正的主语则放在句子末尾。如果不是从句不是特别长,也可以直接放在句首。
举两个例子。
A. It is still a question whether she will come or not. 她来不来还是个问题。
这句话实际的主语是whether she will come or not,将句子还原一下,就变成了whether she will come or not is still a question。
B. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 哪一支队伍将赢得比赛还是个未知数,
同理,这句话的真正主语是which team will win the match,实际上是which team will win the match is still unknown。
第三,还有以下几种特殊情况,我们不能使用1的句式,不能把主语从句放在句首,位于谓语动词之前,这些情况下真正的主语都放在句子后面。下面这些也是常见固定句型。
A. It is said (reported) that 据说,据报道,……。
比如,it is said that the president will visit our school next week.
据说总统下周要来访我校。
这句话真正的主语是the president will visit our school next week,但是在这个句式中,我们不能写成the president will visit our school next week is said/reported。
B. It happens (occurs)
1)It occurred to somebody;
比如,It occurred to him that he failed in the exam. 他想到他考试挂了。
(he failed in the exam occurred to him) ×
occur to somebody是一个固定表达,意思是(观念、想法或主意)出现在头脑中,什么什么被想起。
It didn’t occur to her to ask for help. 就是说,她没有想到请别人帮忙。
(To ask for help did not occur to her) ×
2)It happens that,意思是发生、出现、碰巧……。
It happens that I am not there that day. 碰巧那天我不在那儿。
It would happen that the software was written in a week instead of three months.
偏偏这套软件就在一周内被编写出来,而不是三个月。
Tip: 有一点需要注意,像The idea occurred to him in a dream(这个主意是他在梦中想到的)这样的句子就不是主语从句了,这句话的主语就是the idea。
C. It doesn’t matter how/whether/if 意思是怎样,是否……都没关系,不重要。
It doesn’t matter whether he comes or not. 他来不来都没关系。
(whether he comes or not doesn’t matter)×
It doesn't matter how you do it. 你怎么做都没关系。
(how you do it doesn’t matter) ×
D. 疑问句中。
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 傍晚有可能下雨吗?It作形式主语,真正的主语是that it will rain in the evening。
How does it happen that you know her? 你怎么会碰巧认识她的?真正的主语是that you know her。
最后总结一下今天所说的,
一、介绍了主语从句中从句的位置。一般有两种形式。
二、介绍了四中特殊情况下主语从句不能放在句首,当然,这部分也可以当作固定表达来记忆。
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