Question

在定语从句中which和that用法有什么区别

Answer 1

用法区别是：
which能引导非限制性定语从句，that则不行。
　　其次，有些情况只能用that，如下：
　　1. 当先行词为all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所构成的复合不定代词时。
　　如：We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。
　　Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 有关此事，凡是你所知道的请告诉我。
　　2. 当先行词被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等词修饰时。
　　如：You can take any seat that is free. 任何空着的座位你都可以坐。
　　There is little work that is fit for you. 几乎没有适合你的工作。
　　3. 当先行词为序数词或被序数词所修饰时。
　　如：When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. 人们谈论起中国的城市的时候，我首先 想到的是北京。
　　This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 这是我们校本学期放映的第四部电影。
　　4. 当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
　　如：The best that I could do was to apologize. 我唯一能做的就是赔礼道歉了。
　　This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的一本最有趣的故事书。
　　5. 当先行词被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修饰时。
　　如： This is the very book that I’m looking for. 这正是我在找的书。
　　The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我们唯一能做的事就是等待。
　　注意：先行词被the same修饰时，关系代词也可用as。
　　如：I need the same book that / as you have. 我需要有你一样的书。
　　6. 当先行词既包含人又包含物时。
　　如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的女英雄及她们的事迹。
　　7. 当先行词是疑问代词who，which，what或主句以这些词开头时。
　　如：Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him? 曾经和他一起工作过的谁不钦佩他？
　　Which is the star that is nearer to the earth？ 哪个是离地球比较近的星星？
　　8. 当先行词为主句表语或关系代词为从句表语时。
　　如：That’s a good book that will help you a lot. 那是本对你很有帮助的书。
　　Our school is no longer the place that it used to be. 我们的学校现在已不是过去的那个样子了。
　　9. 先行词为time时，当time表示次数，引导词用that, 可省略。 当表示时间，可用that或when引导，都可省略。
　　如：I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.我很清楚地记得当我第一次听到世界上最美的声音的时候。
　　I did't remember the exact time （when/that） I arrived in Shanghai last month. 我不记得上个月到达上海的确切时间了。
　　最后，请注意以下几种只能使用which的情况:
　　1. 在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。
　　如： The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
　　This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
　　注意： 如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首， which就可换为that， 例如： This isthe question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about whichwe’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
　　2. 先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时， 关系代词通常只用which而不用that。
　　如：you should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work
　　最后，记得这个特殊情况吧：当先行词是表示原因或方式的名词时，可以用that引导定语从句，相当于介词+which，that可以省略。
　　如： She likes the child for the very reason that (=for which) she loves his father. 她喜欢那个孩子因为她爱着孩子的父亲。
　　He didn’t like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother. 他不喜欢她对他的母亲那样说话。
　　Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car. 很难想象，他开车开得那么快。
　　The reason (that /for which /why) he came here was to ask for our help.他来这里的原因是寻求我们的帮助。

Answer 2

这两个词都是代词，用于在从句中代替先行词
that用于定从范围更广一些，指人或指物，在从句中作主语宾语皆可
which只可指人，在从句中做主语或宾语皆可
非限制性定语从句中，只能用which，而不用that，这也是几年高考改错中常出现的错误

Answer 3

that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢（有介词的用which) 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 但在下列情况中用that而不用which： 　 　a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时； 　 　b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略； 　c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时； 　 　d)先行词中既有人又有物时； 　 　e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时； 　f)当先行词为物并作表语时； 　g)先行词为one时； 　 　h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；

Answer 4

在定语从句中,which 和that 在指代事物时,一般可以互换使用,但并非在任何情况下都是这样,这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel,that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
http://www.zybang.com/question/c337b885eaa540433f68fc59a262450d.html

Answer 5

在定语从句中,which 和that 在指代事物时,一般可以互换使用,但并非在任何情况下都是这样,几种宜用that,而不宜用which 的情况如下：
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.