Question

微观经济学的7个选择题求助！英文的~

1.When a vaccination program generates a positive externality, the:
a. market demand curve is above the marginal social benefit curve.
b. market demand curve is below the marginal social benefit curve.
c. marginal cost of production is below the market demand curve.
d. market will produce more than the efficient level of output.

2.Flu vaccines often provide both private benefits to individuals and positive external benefits to other members of society. As a result, without government intervention one would find:
a. too many flu vaccines being produced since external benefits would not be considered.
b. too few flu vaccines being produced since external benefits would not be considered.
c. the optimal amount of flu vaccines would be produced since external benefits would not be considered.
d. a shortage of flu vaccines.

3.Suppose each person in a community had to pay for his or her own education from kindergarten through high school. One would expect that:
a. less education would be acquired since society has not considered the positive external benefits of education.
b. more education would be acquired since society has not considered the positive external benefits of education.
c. the optimal amount of education would be acquired by community members since they each paid for the amount of education they wanted.
d. a Pigouvian tax would ensure the optimal amount of education.

4.
Suppose the production of roses generates a positive externality in that travelers enjoy the scenic rural vistas. Then an appropriate government policy yielding the efficient outcome would be a:
a. Pigouvian tax.
b. Pigouvian subsidy.
c. system of rose production permits.
d. reduction in transaction costs.

5.
If drivers decide to make phone calls without considering the costs imposed on others, the:
a. number of phone calls made while driving will be above the socially optimal quantity.
b. number of phone calls made while driving will be below the socially optimal quantity.
c. marginal social cost curve will lie below the marginal cost of production curve.
d. marginal social benefit curve will lie below the marginal social cost curve.

6.
When government attempts to reduce the global warming effects caused by the burning of fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas by establishing a minimum level of fuel efficiency on new cars, it is using a:
a. environmental standard.
b. emissions tax.
c. Pigouvian tax.
d. tradable emissions permit.

7.
The proposition that if transaction costs are low enough, then the private market can achieve an efficient outcome regardless of which of the affected parties hold the property rights, is known as the:
a. Coase theorem.
b. property rights paradigm.
c. market rights theorem.
d. green environment paradigm.

Answer 1

1.b. market demand curve is below the marginal social benefit curve

2.b. too few flu vaccines being produced since external benefits would not be considered.

3.a. less education would be acquired since society has not considered the positive external benefits of education.

4.c. system of rose production permits.

5.a. number of phone calls made while driving will be above the socially optimal quantity.

6.a. environmental standard.

7.a. Coase theorem.

Answer 2

• 高深啊，

Answer 3

不知道哎