Question

Python 根据字典的内容替换文本的里的字符串

有个字典默认为a_dict = {'apple':'1','tree':'2','123456':'3'}
文本文件里面为apple 123456
123456 tree
想要的结果是1 3
3 2
我的代码是这样的，但是好像不成功
>>> a_dict = {'apple':'1','tree':'2','123456':'3'}
>>> input_file = open(r'd:\test_body.txt')
>>> output_file = open(r'd:\test_body1.txt','w')
>>> for i in input_file.readlines():
for k in a_dict:
output_file.write(i.replace(k,a_dict[k]))
>>> output_file.close()
>>> input_file.close()

所以想问问怎样才能在原文件或者新建文件上根据字典的内容替换文本里的字符串？
两种写法分别是啥。另外我这个错在那里？

Answer 1

我觉得你好想想多了。即然全文替换。哪么你只需要遍历你的dict

a_dict = {'apple':'1','tree':'2','123456':'3'}
input_file = open(r'd:\test_body.txt',"r").read()();
for key,value in a_dict.items():
input_file=input_file.replace(key,value);

这样子不行吗？

Answer 2

# encoding: utf-8
import re
patt = re.compile(r'\S+')

a_dict = {'apple':'1','tree':'2','123456':'3'}

content = '''# 第三行信息非严格匹配，不替换
apple 123456
123456 tree
appletree 12345678'''

a_dictkset = set(a_dict.keys())
def findkeys(ln):
return a_dictkset & set(patt.findall(ln))

def repln(ln, ks):
for k in ks:
ln = ln.replace(k, a_dict.get(k, k))
return ln

for ln in content.splitlines():
ln = repln(ln, findkeys(ln))
print ln

>python -u "rptest.py"
# 第三行信息非严格匹配，不替换
1 3
3 2
appletree 12345678
>Exit code: 0 Time: 0.051

Answer 3

>>> params = {"server":"mpilgrim", "database":"master", "uid":"sa", "pwd":"secret"}
>>> "%(pwd)s" % params
'secret'
>>> "%(pwd)s is not a good password for %(uid)s" % params
'secret is not a good password for sa'
>>> "%(database)s of mind, %(database)s of body" % params
'master of mind, master of body'

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