Question

用C语言编一个数字电子时钟的程序

要求：输入小时、分钟、秒钟三个整数值后，就从该时刻开始运行。内循环每秒钟更新秒数，重新刷新时间显示。当到达60秒时，应显示00并使分钟值增加1。同理，当到达60分时，应显示00并使时钟值增加1。当到达24点时，小时应显示00。

1．首先要有清屏；
2．要有定点显示，在屏幕中央输入小时、分钟、秒钟，格式如下：
： ：
分别在时、分、秒三个空位置上输入数据。
3．数据输入完成后开始运行，并在同一位置上不断刷新时间；
4．个位数前面应自动补0，如：
10:07:09
5．允许外循环为死循环，由Ctrl+Break控制结束；
6．屏幕按每行40列模式显示。
要求是用C语言的,大家再帮忙想下

Answer 1

1.这是用windows api写的程序。所以要求是纯c的话就没有办法了
2.其中定时用了两种方法。一种是用取消息。另一种是延时队列。这里只使用了取消息的方法。延时队列由于我机器上是vc6.0，CreateTimerQueue在本人机器上无法使用，需要新的sdk，所以没有加以验证，但取消息的方式是可行的。
3.稍稍验证了下，基本满足要求。
-------------------------------------------
程序如下：
// DigitalClock.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <winbase.h>

typedef struct _st_time{
int hour;
int min;
int sec;
}ST_TIME;

ST_TIME g_Time; // The struct contain the hour,min and sec.
HANDLE g_hStdout; //
WORD g_cxCenter, g_cyCenter; // Center of the screen.
HANDLE g_DoneEvent; // The program could be over.
BOOL g_ThreadTerminated; // The Thread should be terminated.

#define SECOND_CIRCLE 60
#define MINUTE_CIRCLE 60
#define HOUR_CIRCLE 24

void TimeIncreaseSecond(ST_TIME & st)
{
st.sec ++;
if (st.sec >= SECOND_CIRCLE)
{
st.sec -= SECOND_CIRCLE;
st.min++;
if (st.min >= MINUTE_CIRCLE)
{
st.min -= MINUTE_CIRCLE;
st.hour++;
if (st.hour >= HOUR_CIRCLE)
{
st.hour -= HOUR_CIRCLE;
}
}
}
}

void PrintTimeToScreen(HANDLE hStdout, short cxCenter, short cyCenter, ST_TIME st)
{
char buf[64] = {0};
COORD crdPos;
// make it format to output.
sprintf (buf, "%02d:%02d:%02d", st.hour, st.min, st.sec);
crdPos.X = cxCenter - 4;
crdPos.Y = cyCenter;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdout, crdPos);
printf(buf);
}

#ifdef USE_TIMERQUEUE
// if we use the timer queue function.
// Its procdure is in this.
void CALLBACK TimerRoutine (LPVOID lpParam, BOOL TimerOrWaitFired)
{
if (lpParam == NULL)
{
printf ("NULL parameters.\n");
}
else
{
ST_TIME *st = (ST_TIME *)lpParam;
TimeIncreaseSecond(st);
PrintTimeToScreen(g_hStdout, g_cxCenter, g_cyCenter, *st);
}
}

#else

DWORD WINAPI TimerThreadProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
#define ID_TIMER_SECOND 1
MSG msg;
BOOL ret;

ST_TIME *st = (ST_TIME *)lpParam;

SetTimer(NULL, ID_TIMER_SECOND, 1000, NULL);
PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_USER, WM_USER, PM_NOREMOVE);

while (!g_ThreadTerminated && (ret = GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) != 0)
{
if (ret == -1)
{
//process fatal event.
}
else if (msg.message == WM_TIMER)
{
TimeIncreaseSecond(*st);
PrintTimeToScreen(g_hStdout, g_cxCenter, g_cyCenter, *st);
}
else
{
TranslateMessage (&msg);
DispatchMessage (&msg);
}
}
return 1;
}
#endif

// If the ctrl+break combined key pressed. call this function.
// It set the g_DoneEvent. this terminate the program.
BOOL WINAPI CtrlHandler(DWORD fdwCtrlType)
{
switch (fdwCtrlType)
{
case CTRL_BREAK_EVENT:
// Terminate the program.
printf ("Terminate.\n");
SetEvent(g_DoneEvent);
return TRUE;
default:
return FALSE;
}
}

BOOL InitApplication()
{
// Get the stdin and stdout handle.
HANDLE hStdIn;
hStdIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
if (hStdIn == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
return FALSE;
g_hStdout = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
// Set the mode, make the input echo.
DWORD fOldMode;
GetConsoleMode(hStdIn, &fOldMode);
fOldMode |= ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT;
SetConsoleMode(hStdIn, fOldMode);

// Set the window buffer.
// make a line 40 columns.
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbiInfo;
GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(g_hStdout, &csbiInfo);
csbiInfo.srWindow.Right = 40;

// get the center point.
g_cxCenter = csbiInfo.srWindow.Right / 2;
g_cyCenter = csbiInfo.srWindow.Bottom / 2;

// Set the window.
SetConsoleWindowInfo(g_hStdout, TRUE, &csbiInfo.srWindow);
return TRUE;
}

BOOL PrintTheInitalStateAndGetInput(HANDLE hStdout, WORD cxCenter, WORD cyCenter, ST_TIME & time)
{
#define GAPS_LEFT_COLON (-2)
#define GAPS_RIGHT_COLON (1)
#define GAPS_LEFT_UNDERLINE_START (-4)
#define GAPS_MIDDLE_UNDERLINE_START (-1)
#define GAPS_RIGHT_UNDERLINE_START (2)
// __:__:__
// So the left ":" center -2
// so the right ":" center + 1
// so the left "_" center - 4;
// so the lfet "_" center - 1;
// so the right "_" center + 2;
COORD crdPos;
crdPos.X = cxCenter + GAPS_LEFT_COLON;
crdPos.Y = cyCenter;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdout, crdPos);
printf (":");

crdPos.X = cxCenter + GAPS_RIGHT_COLON;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdout, crdPos);
printf (":");
crdPos.X = cxCenter + GAPS_LEFT_UNDERLINE_START;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdout, crdPos);

scanf ("%d", &time.hour);
crdPos.X = cxCenter + GAPS_MIDDLE_UNDERLINE_START;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdout, crdPos);
scanf ("%d", &time.min);
crdPos.X = cxCenter + GAPS_RIGHT_UNDERLINE_START;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdout, crdPos);
scanf ("%d", &time.sec);

if (time.hour < 0 || time.hour > HOUR_CIRCLE ||
time.min < 0 || time.min > MINUTE_CIRCLE ||
time.sec < 0 || time.sec > SECOND_CIRCLE)
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
InitApplication();
PrintTheInitalStateAndGetInput(g_hStdout, g_cxCenter, g_cyCenter, g_Time);

// create a event to tell the program to terminate.
g_DoneEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
#ifdef USE_TIMERQUEUE
HANDLE hTimerQueue, hTimer;
hTimerQueue = CreateTimerQueue();
if (!CreateTimerQueueTimer(&hTimer,
hTimerQueue, TimerRoutine, &g_Time, 1000, 0, 0))
{
printf("CreateTimerQueueTimer failed (%d)\\n", GetLastError());
return 3;
}
#else
// create the thread.
HANDLE hThreadTimer;
DWORD dwThreadId;
g_ThreadTerminated = FALSE;
hThreadTimer = CreateThread(NULL, 0,
TimerThreadProc, &g_Time, 0, &dwThreadId);
if (hThreadTimer == NULL)
{
}
#endif
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(CtrlHandler, TRUE);
if (WaitForSingleObject(g_DoneEvent, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
printf("WaitForSingleObject failed (%d)\\n", GetLastError());
#ifdef USE_TIMERQUEUE
if (!DeleteTimerQueue(hTimerQueue))
printf("DeleteTimerQueue failed(%d) \\n", GetLastError());
#else
g_ThreadTerminated = TRUE;
if (WaitForSingleObject(hThreadTimer, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
printf("WaitForSingleObject failed (%d)\\n", GetLastError());
#endif
return 0;
}

--------------------------------------------
下面是纯c的。
有几个问题：
1.textmode函数在turboc中没有办法使用，不知道是什么问题，而borland c就可以。
2.无论怎么设置，自己的ctrlbreak函数在上述两个环境中都不能被调用，非常遗憾。所以不能够优雅的退出。只能按两次ctrlbreak。
下面是程序。
------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <dos.h>

#define ABORT 0

int jump_out_loop = -1;
int jump_out(void)
{
jump_out_loop = 1;
printf("Abort ..\n");
return ABORT;
}
int main(void)
{
struct text_info ti;
int center_x, center_y;
int hour, min, sec;
char str_out[64] = {0};
clrscr();
/*textmode(BW40);*/
/*textmode在turbo c下设置会出问题*/
gettextinfo(&ti);
center_x = ti.winright / 2;
center_y = ti.winbottom / 2;
gotoxy(center_x - 4, center_y);
cprintf(" : : ");
gotoxy(center_x - 4, center_y);
cscanf("%d", &hour);
gotoxy(center_x - 1, center_y);
cscanf("%d", &min);
gotoxy(center_x + 2, center_y);
cscanf("%d", &sec);
/* check input valid or not */
{}
setcbrk(1);
ctrlbrk(jump_out);
/*jump_out没有起到作用,实在不好意思.*/
/*
if (getcbrk())
printf("crtl break is on\n");
else
printf("is off\n");
*/

while (1)
{
delay(1000);
sec++;
if (sec >= 60)
{
sec -= 60;
min++;
if (min >= 60)
{
min -= 60;
hour++;
if (hour >= 24)
{
hour -= 24;
}
}
}
sprintf(str_out, "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
gotoxy(center_x - 4, center_y);
cprintf(str_out);
}
/* getch();*/
return 0;
}