Question

四道语法题

1.（）when china had to depend on western countries for advanced technology
A Gone forever are the days B Forever gone are the days
C Gone forever the days are D Forever gone the days are

2.() , We decided to leave at once so that we could catch the train .
A It being pretty late B Since it being pretty late
C Being pretty late D It was pretty late
3. Not far from the school there are a garden , （） owner seatd in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon
A its B whose C with Dthat
这个我知道是独立主格，但是为什么用seated？不是主动用seating吗？

4.() makes many children astonished
A Butterflies are insects B Butterflies being insects C Butterflies as insects D the fact that butterflies are insects

Answer 1

1.（）when china had to depend on western countries for advanced technology
A Gone forever are the days B Forever gone are the days
C Gone forever the days are D Forever gone the days are
答：此题设计有语，AB均可。
析：这是一个倒装句，倒装的原因是主语有一个很长的定语从句when China....
原句为：The days (+ when 定语从句） are gone forever.
forever作为副词，也可以放在are的后面：The days are forever gone
因为不会引起误会，为了避免头重脚轻，可以将定语从句放在谓语后面：
The days are gone forever when China.....
也可以将表语放句首，引起全部倒装：
Gone forever are the days when ...
或Forever gone are the days when .....
2.() , We decided to leave at once so that we could catch the train .
A It being pretty late B Since it being pretty late
C Being pretty late D It was pretty late
答：此题又有争议！AC之争
选A则=As it was pretty late, we decided to ...
being late的逻辑主语是it,指时间或天色，it being pretty late为独立主格结构，作状语的分词有其独立于主句we的逻辑主语it.
选C则认为being late 的逻辑主语就是主句的主语we,因为我们常说：sb. is late. XX人迟（到）了。
不过本题出题人的意图，我想是A为标准答案。但选C的TX我们很难说服。
3. Not far from the school there are a garden , （） owner seatd in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon
A its B whose C with Dthat
这个我知道是独立主格，但是为什么用seated？不是主动用seating吗？
答：seat是一个及物动词，其宾语为人：seat sb./ oneself +somewhere
sb. be seated somewhere 中的seated已经由过去分词作形容词用了，表示某人”坐着的“状态。
选A，its owner seated in it playing ... 是独立主格结构，相当于：and its owner is seated in it playing...
译：离学校不远有一个花园，园主坐在里面和他的小外孙（孙子）每天下象棋。
评：主句中的there are a garden有误，应为there is a garden
4.() makes many children astonished
A Butterflies are insects B Butterflies being insects C Butterflies as insects D the fact that butterflies are insects
答：D
译：蝴蝶是昆虫，这个事实让很多儿童大为吃惊。
析：A是个句子，不是主语从句（引导主语从句的That不能省略），B是独立主格结构，只能作状语。C的主语是butterflies为复数，与谓语makes不一致，句意也不是很通（作为昆虫的蝴蝶让儿童大为吃惊）。只有D中的主语是the fact, 后面的that从句是其同位语。

Answer 2

1.A
在主系表结构中，作表语的形容词经常倒装，用全部倒装
谓语放在主语前面，正常语序应该是The days are gone forever.days作“日子”解
后面定语从句
2.A
It being pretty late，we decided to leave at once so that we could catch the train
=Because it was pretty late,we decided to leave at once so that we could catch the train
独立主格，前后因果关系
3.C
with+宾语，介宾结构，作伴随状态
seated in it 定语后置，修饰owner，
seat作动词，作“使...就座”后面只能跟反身代词作宾语
seat yourself，自己入座，seat himself,他就座
owner seats himself=owner is seated=owner sits
be seated比sit 更加正式
4.D
that.....are insects.同位语从句，是抽象名词fact的具体内容
makes谓语动词

Answer 3

1.选A。 倒装句，表语gone提前，后面用不完全倒装。可以使先行词和定语从句紧挨着。

2.选A。 独立主格结构。B项，since后应跟句子，C项的逻辑主语和，后面句子的主语we不一 致。D项要么在两句之间加so，要么在it前加because，这样，才符合英语的语法。

3.选C. with引导的短语作伴随状语。seat是及物动词，有两种用法，seat oneself；be seated
这里是第二种用法

4.选D. A，B，C无法作主语，后面谓语用的是makes。而D项the fact后面引导的是同位语从句。

Answer 4

1 A。 全倒装的形式之一。
forever作为副词使用时，若置于句末，做“永远，永久”之意。
I will stand on your side forever. The old days are gone forever.
若置于句中，则有“一直，总是”之意。
He is forever asking his parents for money. （这种用法类似于always等副词，用于进行时，往往表示说话人某种不满的情绪。）
2 A。经典的独立主格形式之一。分析一下此句句意，独立主格中的it指代的该是时间，“时间真的很晚了”。
本题不可选C，选C意味着句中逗号之前的部分实际上是“We were pretty late.（我们迟到了太久）”。既然已迟到，又何必怀抱赶上计划中的火车的幻想？
3 A。...there is a garden, ... 本题也属于很有分量的陷阱题。
不可选C。若想选C，owner这个单词前必须加the。冠词知识连并语感会引导我们看清楚这一点。
seat 作为动词使用，是及物动词，也就是说，seating这个现在分词在使用时必须跟宾语。seated这个过去分词形式往往仅表示一种状态。
Be seated, please. = Take a seat, please. = Sit down, please. (请就座。)
Seated under the tree, he wrote a letter to his parents.（坐在树下，他写了封家书。）
=Sitting under the tree, he wrote a letter to his parents.
4 D。整句话简化处理，即是：The fact makes many children astonished.
that butterflies are insects部分为同位语从句，将抽象名词fact的内容进一步具体化。

Answer 5

1.倒装句，选A。2.分词独立主格
3‘seat是及物动词用现在分词必需带宾语
4.D。

Answer 6

AACD,毫无疑问