Question

一道高中英语语法填空

求教第三第十题

Answer 1

答：这是根据英语美文:The Story Of The Farmer And His Donkey 改编的语法填空题。
One day a farmer's donkey fell down into a well. The animal cried piteously for hours as the framer tried to figure out what to do. Finally he decided the animal was old, and the well needed to be covered up anyway and【 it just wasn't worth to retrieve the donkey】. So, he decided to bury it!
He invited all his neighbours to come over and help him. They all grabbed a shovel and began to shovel dirt into the well. At first, the donkey realized what was happening and cried horribly, then slowly he quieted down till nothing more was heard.
A few shovel loads later, the farmer finally looked down the well, and was astonished at what he saw. With every shovel of dirt that hit his back, the donkey was doing something amazing! He would shake it off and take a step up!
As the farmer's neighbours continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal, he would shake it off and take a step up. Pretty soon, everyone was amazed as the donkey stepped up over the edge of the well and trotted off!
Life is going to shovel dirt on you, all kinds of dirt. The trick to getting out of the well is to shake it off and take a step up. Each of our troubles is a stepping stone. We can get out of the deepest wells【 by】 not stopping, never giving up, shaking it off, and taking a step up!
Remember the five simple rules to be happy:
1. Free your heart from hatred.
2. Free your mind from worries.
3. Trust in God.
4. Give more.
5. Expect less.

第三题，原句为：it just wasn't worth to retrieve the donkey是个错句! worth是个介词！ 考试英语要求改为：worthwhile
本题改为：It just wasn't worth it to save the donkey.
第一个it是形式主语，真主是to save the donkey这个不定式所表示的这一件事情。
worth是介词，和及物动词一样，后跟名词或代词（作介词的宾语），这worth后的it叫形式宾语。类似的：I hate it when people ask me for money. 中的it.说它指代什么，只可意会，不可言传。你懂的！！！

这最后一空，填by, 一是原文如此。二是原作者想表达的意思是：只要通过。。。，靠着。。。，就能。。。，所以用by. 三、buy 是介词，后跟动名词的否定式not doing sth. and never doing sth.

你用if,是连词，一般跟从句，表示”如果。。。“，用在这里不是很好：
1. 前面有个just ，见过even if, 没见过only if, 没见过just if
2. 有if necessary, 等等if 从句省略主+be的情况。这里你想说是=if you are not stopping and are never giving up吗？ 如果用if从句，则不用现在进行时，要说：If you don't stop and never give up, 放入也行，但不能省略you do.

追问

worth是介词那段几乎不懂。还有if，if we don't give up不是等于if not giving吗？

追答

不懂是因为基础不够.小学生怎能跳过为高中生设的标杆高度？worth 与worthy worthwhile 的区别连美文作者自己都不清楚

Answer 2

3.it是形式主语，指代内容是to save the donkey，翻译过来：不值得去救一头驴。
anything很明显没有理由填在这。
410.by doing sth通过做什么事，固定搭配，在此翻译为：通过不放弃。

如有不懂请追问~

追问

但为什么是填it

追答

因为是形式主语的语法，即因为主语太长所以要先用一个词来引导再在后面解释主语，而这个词只能是it，是个语法点，楼主可能还没有学到吧~

追问

那里有两个it，一个在worth后面（要填的那个），还有一个在前面，前面那个才是形式主语吧？那后面这个呢？

追答

两个都是~可能有点奇怪不过可以这样理解：
前面的it是整个“不值得去救驴”的形式主语，后面那个是“去救驴”的形式主语~这样就不奇怪了

追问

前面那个it才是指to save the donkey吧？

追答

楼主抱歉嗷T T
前面it确实是指to save the donkey我搞错了
而后面be worth it是 值得花费时间[精力] 去做某事的 固定搭配

It +be动词+worth it to do是一种用法~