Question

天津高考英语任务型阅读技巧

天津高考英语任务型阅读技巧

Answer 1

给你两个例子请采纳祝好！任务型阅读中的题型主要包括原词重现，固定搭配，词性转换，提炼概括四大类，四种题型难度指数依次上升，任务型阅读的做题顺序应为四步走：第一步：观察题干，预测所填词的词性；第二步：根据定位词快速定位到原文；第三步：理解定位词出现原句之意；第四步：填出答案所需之词。(1)“原词重现”原词重现题是四大题型中最容易得分的。学生要善于迅速定位，将准确答案锁定。第75题：Conscientiousemployeesatthelowerlevelsgiveoutstanding______.首先观察题干，题干中outstanding是形容词。我们在做题时要善于预测：形容词后通常跟名词，所以此处应该填的是一个名词，且单复均可。这时我们就可以对应到原文第二段第三行Itisparticularlyimportantforoutstandingperformanceinjobsatthelowerlevelsofanorganization,刚好我们发现了定位词outstanding,另外根据搭配，确定空内应填名词，所以此题填performance(s)。第77题：Possible_____withconscientiousness此题中空格出现在形容词possible后，此处应该是一个名词，且为名词复数，因为题目方框中列举的例子不止1点。然后继续找回原文。文章第五段第一句，Butconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocialskillscanleadtoproblems。可见答案为problems.这是个段落标题题。做这样的题目的解题思路是，重读段首和段末。主旨常在转折后面，果然，在but后，problems作为段落主题词出现了。第78题：Employers’evaluationsoftheworkofconscientiouspeoplecanbe_____.同样先观察题干，题干中canbe后面所填词应该为一个形容词。然后此题只需要定位到文中第四段的第三行:Theirreputationfordependabilityinfluencesmanagers’evaluationsoftheirwork,givingthemhigherevaluationsthanobjectivemeasuresoftheirperformancewouldpredict.因此此处应该是：higher(subjective/unfair/unjust/prejudiced).第80题：Conscientiousnesscan____creativity,especiallyinprofessionscallingforimagination.此题空格在情态动词can和名词creativity之间，应该填动词，且为动词原形，然后迅速定位原文。定位到原文的最后一段第一行，Whenconscientiousnesstakestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscouragecreativity.可知答案可以为discourage.(2)固定搭配第71题:Conscientiouspeoplearevery____withthemselves.此处考察be….with的固定搭配。定位原文第一段第一句：Theeverydaysignsofconscientiousness(认真尽责)—beingpunctual,carefulindoingwork,self-discipline…，self-discipline就是自律，对自己严格要求，bestrictwith,所以此处的答案应该为strict。(3)词性转换词性转化题在任务型阅读中属于中等题，要求学生具有非常扎实的语法基本功，高考任务型阅读中常见的词性转化方式有：1.名词和动词之间的相互转换2.名词、动词和形容词之间的相互转换（如：第72题）3.动词及其分词（现在分词和过去分词）之间的相互转换，（如：第74题）第72题：Conscientiouspeoplearevery______toothers.预测:填形容词，并且有可能是考be…tosb.这样一个固定搭配。定位原文：根据very,others,以及72空是第二道题定位到第一段theyfollowrules,helpoutandareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.因为thepeopletheyworkwith和otherpeople是一种明显的同意替换。理解句意：他们遵守规矩，帮助别人，关心同事。所以对于别人来说，认真的人应该是热心帮助人的或者是对别人很好的。填预测所需答案：热心帮助人或者是对别人很好的形容词是helpful(有动词help转换而来)或good。第74题：Conscientiouskeepsanorganization______smoothly.预测：填V-ing形式，为什么呢？根据keepsth/sb.doing,这一个短语，且smoothly是副词，副词应修饰动词。定位原文：根据keep,organization,smoothly定位到第一段第三句话:Theeverydaysignsofconscientiousness(认真尽责)—beingpunctual,carefulindoingwork,self-disciplined,andscrupulous(一丝不苟的)inattendingtoresponsibilities—aretypicalcharacteristicsofthemodelorganizationalcitizen,thepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould.理解句意：第一段第三句话理解出来是他们使得事情运营得很好，74空应该是认真的人使得机构运营得很好。该空填运营得的动词，用run（operate／go／function／work）填预测所需答案：把以上动词变成ing之后是running（operating／going／functioning／working）（4）提炼概括提炼概括一般属于难题，高考毕竟是选拔性的考试，这两种题型的设置则容易使我们区分不同层次的考生，今年的任务型阅读中有两题要求考生有比较强的语言敏感度，俗称语感。学生的语感以及句子/段落意群的概括能力需不断夯实。第73题：____ofconscientiousness这是个段落标题题，与第77题：Possible_____withconscientiousness相对应。可以定位到原文第二自然段第一行Conscientiousnessisakeytosuccessinanyfield，意思是认真是在任何领域取得成功的关键，可见conscientiousness是非常重要的，起着关键的作用，可以填important,significant这类的词。在填此空时需要注意下词性，____ofconscientiousness，这里需要一个名词，所以应该填Roles/Importance/Significance.第76题：Conscientiousemployeesarelesslikelytobe____.此处的空格在be之后，应该填一个形容词或动词的被动形式。可以定位到原文第三段第二行，Conscientiousnessalsooffersabuffer(缓冲)againstthethreatofjoblossintoday’sconstantlychangingmarket,becauseemployeeswiththisqualityareamongthemostvalued.和Forthesalesrepresentatives,theirlevelofconscientiousnessmatteredalmostasmuchastheirsalesindeterminingwhostayedon.，意思是认真的人在持续变化的市场中，不容易失业，最受重视，能够保住现在的工作，因此认真的员工被炒鱿鱼的机会很少，得知此处应该填被解雇的，失业的。应该填fired（dismissed/jobless）.这道题稍微有点难度，需要根据定位词找到原文所在句子，根据句意理解填写本空。第79题：Conscientiouspeoplewithoutsocialskillstenttohave____relationshipwiththeirfellowworkers.此题空格在动词have和名词relationship之间，应该填形容词，然后迅速定位原文。定位到原文的第五段最后一句：FactoryworkersinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStateswhowereextremelyconscientious,forexample,tendedtocriticizeco-workersevenaboutfailuresthatseemedunimportanttothosetheycriticized,whichdamagedtheirrelationships.可知没有社交技巧，只知道认真工作的人，和他们的同事的关系会不大好。因此，本空应该填damaged/poor（tense／bad）.总之，此篇任务型阅读Quietconscientiousness为议论文体裁，探讨认真负责对工作的利与弊的影响。文章段落清晰，全文分六段，第1段总领引出工作认真负责之人的特点，下面5段分开论述其利弊。标准的总分结构，而且题目提供的板块框架清晰易懂，但是题目还是有一定难度的。----示例1请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。TravelingontheInformationSuperhighwayIntheearly1990s,fewpeopleoutsideofgovernmentsanduniversitieshadeverheardthetermInternet.TheWorldWideWebwasinitsinfancy（初期）.Backthenifyousaidtosomeone,“Sendmeane-mailwithdirectionstoyourhouse,”allyouwouldhavereceivedisapuzzledlook.Technologyhascomealongwaysincethosedays.Today,theInternetconnectsmillionsofcomputersaroundtheglobe,makingaworldwideexchangeofinformationpossible.TheInternetisoftencalledthe“informationsuperhighway”.That’sbecausevastamountsofinformationtraveloverit.Ifyousearchedthewordgrasshopper,forinstance,youwouldhavethousandsofsitestolookat.Somesiteswouldgiveinformationontheseinsects.Othersiteswouldbecompanieswith“grasshopper”intheirnames.Stillothersitesmightwanttosellyoubooksaboutgrasshoppers.Inadditiontoinformation,theInternetalsooffersoneofthegreatestinventionsincommunication:electronicmail,ore-mailforshort.E-mailisthebrainchildofashrewd（精明的）mannamedRayTomlinson.Hedevelopedtheprogramandsenthimselfthefirste-mailin1971.Heisn’tsure,buthethinkshisfirstmessagewasQWERTYUIOP（thetoprowoflettersonakeyboard）.AsaresultofTomlinson’sinventionofe-mail,thewayinwhichtheworldcommunicateshaschanged.Thankstoe-mail,youcancommunicatewithastudentinLondonandfindouthowhisweatherexperimentisgoing.E-mailhasalsochangedthespeedwithwhichweexchangeinformation.Inminutes,youcancontactanotherpersonwhosharesyourloveofkitesorstamps.Yourauntandunclecansendyoupicturesoftheirnewpuppywithouteverleavingtheirhome.Ifyouaresickandcannotattendschool,yourteachercane-mailyoutheassignmentsyouhavemissed.Youcanevensende-mailtoagrasshopperexpertandaskquestionsforaresearchpaper.However,thereisonebigdisadvantagewhenyouusee-mail.Unlikealetteryousendthroughthemail,e-mailisNOTprivate.Itcanbereviewedbyanyonewithaccesstoyourreceiver’scomputer.Yourreceivercouldalsoforwardittootherpeople--sobecareful.Donotsayanythinginane-mailthatyouwouldn’tsayinfrontofacrowd！Type1TheInternetTheInternetoffersinformationtous.TheInternetenablesusto(1)_____inanewway.Thanksto(3)____,wecankeepintouchwithotherswhereverweare.Wecan(2)informationthroughouttheworld,becausetheInternetcanconnectmillionsofcomputers.Ithasalsoenabledustoexchangeinformationat(5)speedthantraditionalcommunicativemethods.Withinashorttime,itletsus(6)anotherpersonwhohasinterestin(7)___.Besides,ithelpsustosendinformationwithoutleavinghome.TheInternetisoftencalledthe“informationsuperhighway”,becausevastamountsofinformationtraveloverit.Ithaschangedthe(4)oftalking.Throughit,wecantalkwithourstudentsinLondonabouttheweatherexperiment.(8)thedisadvantage,weshouldbe(9)___whenusingit,becauseitmaynotbe(10)___ifsomeonehasaccesstoourreceivers’computer.【参考答案】1.communicate2.exchange3.e-mail4.way5.higher6.contact7.common8.Despite9.careful10.private