反义疑问句附加疑问句用法解析
反义疑问句附加疑问句用法解析1
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
例：—He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗?
—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。
—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗?
—Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加。
简要总结反意疑问句19条：
1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
反义疑问句附加疑问句用法解析2
在回答反义疑问句时，通常用'yes'或者'no'加上主语和助动词或者情态动词。这里的回答是对前面已陈述内容的肯定或者否定，一定要注意避免受汉语思维的影响。
例句1：You do not get the main idea of this article, do you?你没有了解这篇文章的.大意，对吗？
Yes, I do. 不，我理解了。
No, I don't. 是的，我没有理解。
英语反义疑问句的特殊情况
学习反义疑问句时，除了掌握一般的规则，还要了解一些特殊的情况。这些特殊情况可能是主语比较特殊也有可能是谓语比较特殊，从而导致附加疑问句的特殊变化。
(1) 当陈述部分主语是'this'或者'that'时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用'it'；当陈述部分主语是'these'或者'those'时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用'they'。
例句1：This is a boat, isn't it?这是一艘船，不是吗？
例句2：Those are flowers, aren't they? 那些是花，不是吗？
(2) 当陈述部分主语是'nobody''no one''somebody''someone'等不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用'they(强调全体)'或者'he(强调个体)'；当陈述部分的主语是'something''nothing''everything'等不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用'it'。
例句1：Someone is waiting for you in the garden, isn't he? 有人在公园等你，不是吗？
例句2：No one knows where he comes from, do they? 没人知道他从哪来，是吗？
例句3：Everything seems different today, doesn't it? 今天似乎所有事情都不同了，不是吗？
(3) 当陈述部分主语是非谓语动词或名词性从句时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用'it'。
例句1：Taking care of our environment is of great significance, isn't it?
保护好我们的环境意义重大。
例句2：To protect the security of personal property is our unshirkable responsibility, isn't it?
保护私人财产安全是我们不可推卸的责任，不是吗？
例句3：What we saw was not what really happened, was it?
我们看到的不是真正发生的事情，对吗？
(4) 陈述部分是以'there be'开头的句子，附加疑问部分仍然用'there'。
例句1：There is a bird in the tree, isn't there? 树上有一只鸟，不是吗？
(5) 当陈述部分是I'm结构的句子是，附加疑问部分用'aren't I'。
例句1：I'm late, aren't I? 我没迟到吧？
(6) 在祈使句中通常情况下都是用'will you'，但是在'Let's'开头的祈使句中，附加疑问部分要用'shall we'，而'Let us'开头的祈使句中，疑问部分也是用'will you'。
例句1：Pass me the salt, will you? 把盐递给我好吗？
例句2：Let's go for an outing, shall we? 我们去郊游好吗？
(7) 当陈述句中的谓语动词是'must+动词原形'时，根据must在句中的意义可分为三种情况。（请参考前期讲义'must的反义疑问句'）
例句1：You must be Tom, aren't you? 你肯定是汤姆，不是吗？
例句2：You mustn't sit here, will/may you? 请不要坐在这，可以吗？
例句3：You must go now, needn't you? 你必须得走了，不是吗？
(8) 当陈述部分为主从复合句，主句的谓语动词是'believe''suppose''expect''think'等，且主语是'I'或者'we'时，附加疑问部分的人称，时态以及否定关系应该与宾语从句保持一致（此时一定要注意否定转移情况）。
例句1：I believe that he can get good mark in this monthly examination, can't he?
我相信他在这次月考中能取得好成绩，不是吗？
例句2：I don't think that they are excellent, are they?
我觉得他们不优秀，不是吗？
(9) 当陈述部分出现否定词或者具有否定意义的词，如：little, hardly, seldom, never, no, not, neither等时，附加疑问部分要用肯定。
例句1：You never focus your mind on your job, do you?
你从来都不把注意力放在工作上，对吗？
例句2：He could hardly understand what you said, could he?
他几乎听不懂你说的话，对吗？
