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英语语法——引导时间状语从句的从属连词归纳
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■when 的用法。表示“当……时候”。如:
The house shook when the trains went by. 火车经过时房子会震动。
When she saw this,she turned red. 她看到这时脸红了。
I played football every day when I was a boy. 我小时候天天踢足球。
■while 的用法。表示“当……时候”。如:
I’ll take care of him while you are away. 你不在时我照顾他。
I met Diana while I Was shopping this morning. 我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。
While I was waiting for the bus I dropped my purse. 我等公共汽车时把钱包丢了。
注意:while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的,不能是短暂性的。
■as 的用法。表示“当……时候”。如:
He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时,把杯子摔了。
The phone rang just as I was leaving. 我正要离开,电话铃就响了起来。
■before 的用法。表示“在……之前”。如:
I hadn’t waited long before she came. 我没等多久她就来了。
It was a long time before I got to sleep again. 好久我才又睡着。
I must finish this letter before I go home. 我必须在回家以前写完这封信。
■after 的用法。表示“在之后”:
She left after they arrived. 她在他们到达后走了。
I told them after you (had) left. 你走后我把这事告诉了他们。
■until / till 的用法。表示“直到…”:
He waited till [until] I returned. 他一直等到我回来。
Walk till [until] you come to a white house. 走下去,一直走到一座白房子为止。
这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词,不能是终止性动词。但在否定句中,则主句动词可以是终止性动词,此时构成not…until [till]…句式,意为“直到……才”。如:
He didn’t leave until [till] I came. 直到我来他才走(来自 www.zkenglish.com)。
You cannot leave until your work is finished. 在你的工作没完成以前你不能离开。
在否定句中,主句谓语为延续性动词和终止性动词均可,注意含义不同:
He didn’t leave until I came. 直到我来他才走。
He didn’t wait until I came. 他没有等到我来(即在我来之前就走了)。
■since 的用法。表示“自从…”:
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小就(相互)认识。
I haven’t heard from him since he left. 他走之后我还没接到过他的信。
这类句子的主句通常用现在完成时。
■as soon as 的用法。表示“一…就…”:
Tell him as soon as he arrives. 他一到就告诉他。
I shall ring you up as soon as I arrive. 我一到就给你打电话。
I抣l let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接到她的信就通知你。
表示“一…就…”这一意思,除用as soon as外,还可用the moment, the minute等:
I want to see him the minute [=as soon as] he arrives. 他一到达我就要见他。
The house shook when the trains went by. 火车经过时房子会震动。
When she saw this,she turned red. 她看到这时脸红了。
I played football every day when I was a boy. 我小时候天天踢足球。
■while 的用法。表示“当……时候”。如:
I’ll take care of him while you are away. 你不在时我照顾他。
I met Diana while I Was shopping this morning. 我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。
While I was waiting for the bus I dropped my purse. 我等公共汽车时把钱包丢了。
注意:while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的,不能是短暂性的。
■as 的用法。表示“当……时候”。如:
He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时,把杯子摔了。
The phone rang just as I was leaving. 我正要离开,电话铃就响了起来。
■before 的用法。表示“在……之前”。如:
I hadn’t waited long before she came. 我没等多久她就来了。
It was a long time before I got to sleep again. 好久我才又睡着。
I must finish this letter before I go home. 我必须在回家以前写完这封信。
■after 的用法。表示“在之后”:
She left after they arrived. 她在他们到达后走了。
I told them after you (had) left. 你走后我把这事告诉了他们。
■until / till 的用法。表示“直到…”:
He waited till [until] I returned. 他一直等到我回来。
Walk till [until] you come to a white house. 走下去,一直走到一座白房子为止。
这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词,不能是终止性动词。但在否定句中,则主句动词可以是终止性动词,此时构成not…until [till]…句式,意为“直到……才”。如:
He didn’t leave until [till] I came. 直到我来他才走(来自 www.zkenglish.com)。
You cannot leave until your work is finished. 在你的工作没完成以前你不能离开。
在否定句中,主句谓语为延续性动词和终止性动词均可,注意含义不同:
He didn’t leave until I came. 直到我来他才走。
He didn’t wait until I came. 他没有等到我来(即在我来之前就走了)。
■since 的用法。表示“自从…”:
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小就(相互)认识。
I haven’t heard from him since he left. 他走之后我还没接到过他的信。
这类句子的主句通常用现在完成时。
■as soon as 的用法。表示“一…就…”:
Tell him as soon as he arrives. 他一到就告诉他。
I shall ring you up as soon as I arrive. 我一到就给你打电话。
I抣l let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接到她的信就通知你。
表示“一…就…”这一意思,除用as soon as外,还可用the moment, the minute等:
I want to see him the minute [=as soon as] he arrives. 他一到达我就要见他。
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