Question

有关C#中RSA加密方法的密钥生成长度

根据要求，必须使用1024bits的密钥；参考MSDN中的描述，安装了"MicroSoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider"才能支持384bis~16384bits密钥, 否则Base默认最多支持512bits。

提问：
①"MicroSoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider"是什么东西？是Lib吗？
②我怎么确认我的PC上有无安装
③假设使用工具为VS2010，在C#中加密需要"MicroSoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider"吗？
④如果"MicroSoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider"确认需要安装，而我的Pc没有安装，那么可以去哪里下载（最好能给个地址，去微软的网站找过了，没找到，谢谢~）

工作需要，急~~~请各位大大帮忙啊！

Tips：不要粘老长老长一段代码的，我这里代码已经写好，就是不清楚"MicroSoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider"对需要生成的密钥有什么影响，所以。。。。谢谢了

Answer 1

/// <summary> /// 字符串加密操作类
/// </summary>
public class EncryptionOperation
{
/// <summary>

/// MD5 加密静态方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="EncryptString">待加密的密文</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string MD5Encrypt(string EncryptString) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

MD5 m_ClassMD5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();

string m_strEncrypt = "";

try {
m_strEncrypt = BitConverter.ToString(m_ClassMD5.ComputeHash(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptString))).Replace("-", "");
}
catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }
finally { m_ClassMD5.Clear(); }

return m_strEncrypt;
}

/// <summary>
/// DES 加密(数据加密标准，速度较快，适用于加密大量数据的场合)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="EncryptString">待加密的密文</param>
/// <param name="EncryptKey">加密的密钥</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string DESEncrypt(string EncryptString, string EncryptKey) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptKey)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

if (EncryptKey.Length != 8) { throw (new Exception("密钥必须为8位")); }

byte[] m_btIV = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF };

string m_strEncrypt = "";

DESCryptoServiceProvider m_DESProvider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();

try {
byte[] m_btEncryptString = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptString);

MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream m_cstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_DESProvider.CreateEncryptor(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptKey), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

m_cstream.Write(m_btEncryptString, 0, m_btEncryptString.Length);

m_cstream.FlushFinalBlock();

m_strEncrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(m_stream.ToArray());

m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

m_cstream.Close(); m_cstream.Dispose();
}
catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }
finally { m_DESProvider.Clear(); }

return m_strEncrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// DES 解密(数据加密标准，速度较快，适用于加密大量数据的场合)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="DecryptString">待解密的密文</param>
/// <param name="DecryptKey">解密的密钥</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string DESDecrypt(string DecryptString, string DecryptKey) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(DecryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(DecryptKey)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

if (DecryptKey.Length != 8) { throw (new Exception("密钥必须为8位")); }

byte[] m_btIV = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF };

string m_strDecrypt = "";

DESCryptoServiceProvider m_DESProvider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();

try {
byte[] m_btDecryptString = Convert.FromBase64String(DecryptString);

MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream m_cstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_DESProvider.CreateDecryptor(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(DecryptKey), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

m_cstream.Write(m_btDecryptString, 0, m_btDecryptString.Length);

m_cstream.FlushFinalBlock();

m_strDecrypt = Encoding.Default.GetString(m_stream.ToArray());

m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

m_cstream.Close(); m_cstream.Dispose();
}
catch (IOException ex) {
m_strDecrypt = "";
}

catch (CryptographicException ex) { m_strDecrypt = ""; }
catch (ArgumentException ex) { m_strDecrypt = ""; }
catch (Exception ex) { m_strDecrypt = ""; }
finally { m_DESProvider.Clear(); }

return m_strDecrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// RC2 加密(用变长密钥对大量数据进行加密)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="EncryptString">待加密密文</param>
/// <param name="EncryptKey">加密密钥</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string RC2Encrypt(string EncryptString, string EncryptKey) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptKey)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

if (EncryptKey.Length < 5 || EncryptKey.Length > 16) { throw (new Exception("密钥必须为5-16位")); }

string m_strEncrypt = "";

byte[] m_btIV = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF };

RC2CryptoServiceProvider m_RC2Provider = new RC2CryptoServiceProvider();

try {
byte[] m_btEncryptString = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptString);

MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream m_cstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_RC2Provider.CreateEncryptor(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptKey), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

m_cstream.Write(m_btEncryptString, 0, m_btEncryptString.Length);

m_cstream.FlushFinalBlock();

m_strEncrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(m_stream.ToArray());

m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

m_cstream.Close(); m_cstream.Dispose();
}
catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }
finally { m_RC2Provider.Clear(); }

return m_strEncrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// RC2 解密(用变长密钥对大量数据进行加密)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="DecryptString">待解密密文</param>
/// <param name="DecryptKey">解密密钥</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string RC2Decrypt(string DecryptString, string DecryptKey) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(DecryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(DecryptKey)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

if (DecryptKey.Length < 5 || DecryptKey.Length > 16) { throw (new Exception("密钥必须为5-16位")); }

byte[] m_btIV = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF };

string m_strDecrypt = "";

RC2CryptoServiceProvider m_RC2Provider = new RC2CryptoServiceProvider();

try {
byte[] m_btDecryptString = Convert.FromBase64String(DecryptString);

MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream m_cstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_RC2Provider.CreateDecryptor(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(DecryptKey), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

m_cstream.Write(m_btDecryptString, 0, m_btDecryptString.Length);

m_cstream.FlushFinalBlock();

m_strDecrypt = Encoding.Default.GetString(m_stream.ToArray());

m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

m_cstream.Close(); m_cstream.Dispose();
}
catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }
finally { m_RC2Provider.Clear(); }
return m_strDecrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// 3DES 加密(基于DES，对一块数据用三个不同的密钥进行三次加密，强度更高)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="EncryptString">待加密密文</param>
/// <param name="EncryptKey1">密钥一</param>
/// <param name="EncryptKey2">密钥二</param>
/// <param name="EncryptKey3">密钥三</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string DES3Encrypt(string EncryptString, string EncryptKey1, string EncryptKey2, string EncryptKey3) {
string m_strEncrypt = "";

try {
m_strEncrypt = DESEncrypt(EncryptString, EncryptKey3);

m_strEncrypt = DESEncrypt(m_strEncrypt, EncryptKey2);

m_strEncrypt = DESEncrypt(m_strEncrypt, EncryptKey1);
}
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }

return m_strEncrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// 3DES 解密(基于DES，对一块数据用三个不同的密钥进行三次加密，强度更高)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="DecryptString">待解密密文</param>
/// <param name="DecryptKey1">密钥一</param>
/// <param name="DecryptKey2">密钥二</param>
/// <param name="DecryptKey3">密钥三</param>
/// <returns>returns</returns>
public static string DES3Decrypt(string DecryptString, string DecryptKey1, string DecryptKey2, string DecryptKey3) {
string m_strDecrypt = "";

try {
m_strDecrypt = DESDecrypt(DecryptString, DecryptKey1);

m_strDecrypt = DESDecrypt(m_strDecrypt, DecryptKey2);

m_strDecrypt = DESDecrypt(m_strDecrypt, DecryptKey3);
}
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }

return m_strDecrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// AES 加密(高级加密标准，是下一代的加密算法标准，速度快，安全级别高，目前 AES 标准的一个实现是 Rijndael 算法)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="EncryptString">待加密密文</param>
/// <param name="EncryptKey">加密密钥</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string AESEncrypt(string EncryptString, string EncryptKey) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(EncryptKey)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

string m_strEncrypt = "";

byte[] m_btIV = Convert.FromBase64String("Rkb4jvUy/ye7Cd7k89QQgQ==");

Rijndael m_AESProvider = Rijndael.Create();

try {
byte[] m_btEncryptString = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptString);

MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream m_csstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_AESProvider.CreateEncryptor(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(EncryptKey), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

m_csstream.Write(m_btEncryptString, 0, m_btEncryptString.Length); m_csstream.FlushFinalBlock();

m_strEncrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(m_stream.ToArray());

m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

m_csstream.Close(); m_csstream.Dispose();
}
catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }
finally { m_AESProvider.Clear(); }

return m_strEncrypt;
}
/// <summary>
/// AES 解密(高级加密标准，是下一代的加密算法标准，速度快，安全级别高，目前 AES 标准的一个实现是 Rijndael 算法)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="DecryptString">待解密密文</param>
/// <param name="DecryptKey">解密密钥</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string AESDecrypt(string DecryptString, string DecryptKey) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(DecryptString)) { throw (new Exception("密文不得为空")); }

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(DecryptKey)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

string m_strDecrypt = "";

byte[] m_btIV = Convert.FromBase64String("Rkb4jvUy/ye7Cd7k89QQgQ==");

Rijndael m_AESProvider = Rijndael.Create();

try {
byte[] m_btDecryptString = Convert.FromBase64String(DecryptString);

MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream m_csstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_AESProvider.CreateDecryptor(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(DecryptKey), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

m_csstream.Write(m_btDecryptString, 0, m_btDecryptString.Length); m_csstream.FlushFinalBlock();

m_strDecrypt = Encoding.Default.GetString(m_stream.ToArray());

m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

m_csstream.Close(); m_csstream.Dispose();
}
catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }
catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }
finally { m_AESProvider.Clear(); }

return m_strDecrypt;
} }