Question

请英文高手帮忙翻译一下英文摘要，谢谢！

当今世界，法国、日本等许多国家与地区的法律都明确的规定了离婚损害赔偿制度。在我国，离婚损害赔偿制度是一项比较年轻的制度，在司法实践中逐渐暴露出一些亟待解决的问题。且其内容与实质上的争议，到如今仍然未盖棺定论。 本文第一部分先对离婚损害赔偿制度的内容进行基本概述，列举了离婚损害赔偿制度在我国的立法历程；又列举了法国、瑞士以及我国台湾地区离婚损害赔偿制度的法律条文，这些国家与地区的离婚损害赔偿制度的创立都先前于我国，有的甚至是该制度的鼻祖，并且三地的离婚损害赔偿制度也都带有各自的特色，将之与我国该制度对比，讨论其特殊之处与我国该制度的社会伦理色彩；第二部分中，本文解释了学术界对于离婚损害赔偿制度法律属性的两种观点，违约责任和侵权责任，并联系社会伦理分析讨论这两种观点的优与劣，并按照笔者的分析就离婚损害赔偿制度的法律属性的争议给出明确的意见；第三部分，本文从实质入手，详细剖析新《婚姻法》第四十六条，解释该条文内容，并分析离婚损害赔偿的构成要件并与条文一一对应，同时就条文的理解提出笔者自己的意见；最后结合目前司法实践上凸显出的一些有待解决的问题，并找出条文在实践应用中的不足之处，从条文修改与实践实施两方面而提出合理可行的解决方案。
关键字：离婚损害赔偿制度 法律属性 构成要件 完善

Answer 1

当今世界，法国、日本等许多国家与地区的法律都明确的规定了离婚损害赔偿制度。在我国，离婚损害赔偿制度是一项比较年轻的制度，在司法实践中逐渐暴露出一些亟待解决的问题。且其内容与实质上的争议，到如今仍然未盖棺定论。 本文第一部分先对离婚损害赔偿制度的内容进行基本概述，列举了离婚损害赔偿制度在我国的立法历程；又列举了法国、瑞士以及我国台湾地区离婚损害赔偿制度的法律条文，这些国家与地区的离婚损害赔偿制度的创立都先前于我国，有的甚至是该制度的鼻祖，并且三地的离婚损害赔偿制度也都带有各自的特色，将之与我国该制度对比，讨论其特殊之处与我国该制度的社会伦理色彩；第二部分中，本文解释了学术界对于离婚损害赔偿制度法律属性的两种观点，违约责任和侵权责任，并联系社会伦理分析讨论这两种观点的优与劣，并按照笔者的分析就离婚损害赔偿制度的法律属性的争议给出明确的意见；第三部分，本文从实质入手，详细剖析新《婚姻法》第四十六条，解释该条文内容，并分析离婚损害赔偿的构成要件并与条文一一对应，同时就条文的理解提出笔者自己的意见；最后结合目前司法实践上凸显出的一些有待解决的问题，并找出条文在实践应用中的不足之处，从条文修改与实践实施两方面而提出合理可行的解决方案。
关键字：离婚损害赔偿制度 法律属性 构成要件 完善
in today's world, many countries and regions, such as France and Japan law are clear rules of the divorce damage compensation system. In our country, divorce damage compensation system is the system, a relatively young in the judicial practice gradually exposed some problems to be solved. And its content and essence of dispute, until now still no final verdict.
First in this paper, the first part of the divorce damage compensation system, basic overview of the contents listed the divorce damage compensation system in our country's legislation; List again in France, Switzerland and Taiwan divorce damage compensation system, according to the laws in these countries and regions of divorce damage compensation system established in our country, some even is the ancestor of the system, and choosing the divorce damage compensation system with their own characteristics, will be compared with the system in our country, discuss its special place and our country the system of social ethics color;
In the second part, this article explains the academia for divorce damage compensation system properties of two kinds of law, the liability for breach of contract and tort liability, and contact the social ethical analysis to discuss the two views of actor and bad, and according to the author's analysis on the legal attribute of divorce damage compensation system of dispute clear opinions;
The third part, this article obtains from the essence, detailed analyze the new "marriage law" article 46, the interpretation of the provisions of the content, and analyze the components of the divorce damage compensation and provisions and one-to-one correspondence, the understanding of the articles puts forward the authors own opinion; Finally combining the judicial practice highlights on some outstanding issues, and point out the deficiency in provisions in practical application, from two aspects of implementing amendments and practice and put forward feasible solutions.
Key words: constitutive requirements to perfect the system of divorce damage compensation legal attributes

Answer 2

In today's world, many countries and regions, such as France and Japan law are clear rules of the divorce damage compensation system. In our country, divorce damage compensation system is the system, a relatively young in the judicial practice gradually exposed some problems to be solved. And its content and essence of dispute, until now still no final verdict. First in this paper, the first part of the divorce damage compensation system, basic overview of the contents listed the divorce damage compensation system in our country's legislation; List again in France, Switzerland and Taiwan divorce damage compensation system, according to the laws in these countries and regions of divorce damage compensation system established in our country, some even is the ancestor of the system, and choosing the divorce damage compensation system with their own characteristics, will be compared with the system in our country, discuss its special place and our country the system of social ethics color; In the second part, this article explains the academia for divorce damage compensation system properties of two kinds of law, the liability for breach of contract and tort liability, and contact the social ethical analysis to discuss the two views of actor and bad, and according to the author's analysis on the legal attribute of divorce damage compensation system of dispute clear opinions; The third part, this article obtains from the essence, detailed analyze the new "marriage law" article 46, the interpretation of the provisions of the content, and analyze the components of the divorce damage compensation and provisions and one-to-one correspondence, the understanding of the articles puts forward the authors own opinion; Finally combining the judicial practice highlights on some outstanding issues, and point out the deficiency in provisions in practical application, from two aspects of implementing amendments and practice and put forward feasible solutions.
Key words: constitutive requirements to perfect the system of divorce damage compensation legal attributes

Answer 3

Today's world, France, Japan and many other countries and regions of the laws are clearly defined system of divorce damages. In China, the system of divorce damages is a relatively young system, gradually exposed some problems to be solved in the judicial practice. And its contents and substantial controversy, but now still not draw a conclusion. The first part of the first system of divorce damages basic overview of legislative history cited a divorce damages system in our country; cited France, Switzerland, and Taiwan, China Divorce Damage legal provisions, these countries and regions divorce Damage founded earlier in China, and some are even the originator of the system, and three divorce damages the system with their own characteristics, contrast with the system of our country, to discuss its own unique and of the system of social ethics color; the second part, the article explains the two views of the academic legal property of the system of divorce damages, liability for breach of contract and tort liability, and contact the social and ethical superiority and inferiority analysis and discussion of these two views , and in accordance with the author's analysis of the divorce controversial legal property damage compensation system gives a clear view; third part, we start from the real, detailed analysis of the new Marriage law "Article 46, to explain the content of the provision and analysis the constituent elements of the divorce damages and one-to-one correspondence with the provisions of the author's own views on the interpretation of the clause; Finally, the current judicial practice highlights some of the problems to be solved and identify the provisions of the deficiencies in the practical application of Department, to amend and practice the implementation of the two made a reasonable and feasible solutions.
Keywords: divorce damage compensation system legal property of the constituent elements perfect

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