Question

求高手帮忙翻译一下。万分感谢。

Limitations of this study The current study had a number of limitations. Due torestrictions in funding in 2005 and 2008, the sample sizewas slightly ,1.5‰ of the total elderly population.Nevertheless, case numbers were adequate to power thecurrent analysis. Our analysis also focused on local residentswith official registration, but did not survey immigrants,who also consume local public health resources. Similarly,elders in institutions were excluded though this is a subpopulation that has been growing rapidly in recent years.Future studies may pay greater attention to these issues. Inaddition, our analysis was dependent on existing data whichpreviously had been collected by Chinese governmentresearchers; we were not able to validate some of themeasurements, and most, including leisure-time physicalactivity, relied on self-reported results, with residual potentialfor self-report error/recall bias. Moreover, the validity ofsome index measurements such as depression symptomindex was not well established in China. We did attemptwhere possible to add measures of internal consistency toour analysis, but further work may be needed to verify ourfindings. Finally, the socioeconomic factors we included inour models may not have adequately reflected the macro-social changes of Shanghai compared with other regions,which has largely driven some of the changes in the lifestyleof Shanghai elders. Future surveys of more representativeareas of China and in other developing nations will beneeded to explore this important aspect.

Answer 1

这项研究的限制
目前的研究有许多局限性。由于2005和2008年有限的资金，调查的人口仅占了老年人人口总数的1.5‰。然而，这已足够提供分析所需要的数据。我们的分析主要侧重于合法注册的当地居民，而使用当地的公共医疗资源的外籍人士则不在调查当中。虽然居住在养老院的年长者有逐年地迅速增长，然而，这子群体也同样不再调查人口之中。未来的研究将可能更加重视这些问题。

此外，我们的分析也根据以往中国政府的研究人员所收集到的数据；我们无法鉴定数据的准确性，其中关于休闲时间的体育活动是报告，自发的报告最可能出现误差或回忆偏倚。此外，如抑郁症状指数之类的一些指数测量的有效性，在中国并不太完善。我们试图寻找能够增加各种内部测试一致性的方法，但可能需要进一步去验证我们的研究结果。

最后，社会经济因素，我们在我们的模型可能没有充分反映出来，这在很大程度上带动了一些上海长老的生活方式的变化与其他地区相比，上海的宏观社会变迁。今后的调查更具代表性的地区，中国和其他发展中国家将需要探讨这个重要的方面。