明天英语考试了,问一下关于作文中定语从句以及一些句子的用
2个回答
2013-04-18
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定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
1 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
2 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
3 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
1 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
2 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
3 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
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如对结构较为复杂的从句不熟悉,为避免先行词使用不当,或时态运用错误,建议就使用简单直白的句子。Vigorous writing is concise.精准的写作是有生命力的。只要用直白的句子能够将事情表达清楚,就不用花功夫构造成分较杂的从句。同时,注意在写作中避免反复使用and这样的连接词,反复用and会使你的文章看着不顺畅。若想文章能有亮点,也可丰富自己的词汇,用词精准恰当要比句式繁复更加受人欢迎。如形容好,除了使用good,wonderful,fine等词外,还可使用perfect,gorgeous,brilliant,outstanding...再比如动词,think about可用consider代替,显得正式一些。表示“由于”用because of似乎显得比较平常,可选择使用out of,in view of...再就是文章各段落要层次分明,每个段落开头的衔接句可以套用,诸如First,I should say...Another feature is that...Finally,I would talk about...
最重要的是你把写文章的题目要求都弄清楚了,按照要求写就不会出什么大问题。写作能力的提高必须从基础做起,通过不断地积累练习才能有提高。一般我没有十足把握觉得自己使用的从句是对的,我会尽量拆成几个句子说,前提是拆分之后不会显得很罗嗦,若拆分后显得罗嗦,则尽量使用从句。
关于定语从句的知识,可以参考以下网址http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/adjc/Index.html,也可参考相关语法及写作教材。如:《实用英语语法精粹》罗国梁 编,《英语写作手册》吴冰,丁往道 编。
最重要的是你把写文章的题目要求都弄清楚了,按照要求写就不会出什么大问题。写作能力的提高必须从基础做起,通过不断地积累练习才能有提高。一般我没有十足把握觉得自己使用的从句是对的,我会尽量拆成几个句子说,前提是拆分之后不会显得很罗嗦,若拆分后显得罗嗦,则尽量使用从句。
关于定语从句的知识,可以参考以下网址http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/adjc/Index.html,也可参考相关语法及写作教材。如:《实用英语语法精粹》罗国梁 编,《英语写作手册》吴冰,丁往道 编。
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你可以把定语从句的用法发来吗,详细的
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