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Theeffectsofthelocalizededgeforceshaveapeakneartheedgepointanddecaydrasticallyawayfro...
The effects of the localized edge forces have a peak near the edge point and decay drastically away from that point in an oscillating pattern. Decay length is defined as the distance from the applied force (or moment) to the point where the effect of the force (or moment) is almost completely dissipated and becomes negligible. In a real corroded area, the decay length (or angle) is influenced by normal loads, edge moments as well as the membrane forces at the boundary of the corroded spot. The actual decay angle is likely to be in between the decay angles obtained for different cases.
The decay length as calculated above is principally based on bending effects acting on spherical shells. When a spherical shell is subjected to a pure stretching membrane action, the decay length is not the same. Owing to the nature of shell behaviour, the decay length due to membrane action is much larger than that due to bending action. Results from finite element analysis (as will be discussed in Section 4.2) illustrate that for corrosion spots of very small sizes, the effects of stretching membrane action dominate the behaviour of the damaged (and surrounding) area. There is very little bulging. Instead, the component tries to ‘‘open up,’’ thereby stretching the LTA. For this behaviour, the decay angle and hence the reference volume is much larger. For larger sizes of corroded area, as mentioned earlier, the effects of bending action compared to those of membrane action are increased in defining the reference volume. Eventually a certain size of corrosion, a ‘‘crossover’’ from dominance of the stretching effects to dominance of the bending effects (bulging of the shell) occurs. The size of corrosion defining the crossover is discussed below using an approximate analysis.
Consider the limit state when plastic hinges are formed around the circular corroded area as shown in Fig. 2. If the corroded spot is not too large, the curved shell can be approximately considered to be a circular flat plate
(Fig. 3a). For a segment of a unit perimeter cut out of the circular plate (Fig. 3b), the plastic moment can be calculated by assuming that the uncorroded zone is much more rigid than the corroded part. 展开
The decay length as calculated above is principally based on bending effects acting on spherical shells. When a spherical shell is subjected to a pure stretching membrane action, the decay length is not the same. Owing to the nature of shell behaviour, the decay length due to membrane action is much larger than that due to bending action. Results from finite element analysis (as will be discussed in Section 4.2) illustrate that for corrosion spots of very small sizes, the effects of stretching membrane action dominate the behaviour of the damaged (and surrounding) area. There is very little bulging. Instead, the component tries to ‘‘open up,’’ thereby stretching the LTA. For this behaviour, the decay angle and hence the reference volume is much larger. For larger sizes of corroded area, as mentioned earlier, the effects of bending action compared to those of membrane action are increased in defining the reference volume. Eventually a certain size of corrosion, a ‘‘crossover’’ from dominance of the stretching effects to dominance of the bending effects (bulging of the shell) occurs. The size of corrosion defining the crossover is discussed below using an approximate analysis.
Consider the limit state when plastic hinges are formed around the circular corroded area as shown in Fig. 2. If the corroded spot is not too large, the curved shell can be approximately considered to be a circular flat plate
(Fig. 3a). For a segment of a unit perimeter cut out of the circular plate (Fig. 3b), the plastic moment can be calculated by assuming that the uncorroded zone is much more rigid than the corroded part. 展开
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地方化的边缘力量的作用激烈地有一高峰近边缘点和朽烂远离那点在一个摆动的样式。 朽烂长度是defined作为从应用的力量(或片刻的)距离到力量的点(或片刻的)作用几乎完全地被消散并且变得微不足道。 在一个真正的被腐蚀的区域，朽烂长度(或角度)是influenced由正常负载，并且膜力量的边缘片刻在被腐蚀的斑点的界限。 实际朽烂角度可能是在为不同的案件获得的朽烂角度之间。
The朽烂长度如被计算以上根据行动弯曲的作用主要地对球状壳。 当球状壳被服从对一次纯净的舒展的膜行动时，朽烂长度不是相同的。 由于壳行为的本质，朽烂长度由于膜行动大于那由于弯曲的行动。 从finite元素分析的结果(在第4.2部分)将被谈论说明为非常小大小腐蚀斑点，舒展膜行动的作用控制损坏的(和围拢)区域的行为。 那里很少凸起。 反而，对‘‘的组分尝试开放，从而舒展LTA的’’。 对于这行为，朽烂角度并且参考音量是更大。 对于被腐蚀的区域的更大的大小，当前面提到，弯曲行动的作用与那些膜行动比较在defining被增加参考音量。 最终腐蚀的某一大小，从舒展的作用的优势的‘‘crossover’’对弯曲的作用(凸起的优势的壳)发生。 腐蚀defining的大小天桥在使用一个近似分析之下被谈论。
Consider极限状态如图2.所显示，当塑料铰链在圆被腐蚀的区域附近被形成。 如果被腐蚀的斑点不是太大，弯曲的壳可以大约认为一块圆flat板材
(图3a)。 为单位的段周长删去了圆板材(图3b)，塑料片刻可以通过假设，计算uncorroded区域比被腐蚀的部分刚性。
The朽烂长度如被计算以上根据行动弯曲的作用主要地对球状壳。 当球状壳被服从对一次纯净的舒展的膜行动时，朽烂长度不是相同的。 由于壳行为的本质，朽烂长度由于膜行动大于那由于弯曲的行动。 从finite元素分析的结果(在第4.2部分)将被谈论说明为非常小大小腐蚀斑点，舒展膜行动的作用控制损坏的(和围拢)区域的行为。 那里很少凸起。 反而，对‘‘的组分尝试开放，从而舒展LTA的’’。 对于这行为，朽烂角度并且参考音量是更大。 对于被腐蚀的区域的更大的大小，当前面提到，弯曲行动的作用与那些膜行动比较在defining被增加参考音量。 最终腐蚀的某一大小，从舒展的作用的优势的‘‘crossover’’对弯曲的作用(凸起的优势的壳)发生。 腐蚀defining的大小天桥在使用一个近似分析之下被谈论。
Consider极限状态如图2.所显示，当塑料铰链在圆被腐蚀的区域附近被形成。 如果被腐蚀的斑点不是太大，弯曲的壳可以大约认为一块圆flat板材
(图3a)。 为单位的段周长删去了圆板材(图3b)，塑料片刻可以通过假设，计算uncorroded区域比被腐蚀的部分刚性。
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