python操作xml文件问题
现在有这样一个xml文件<?xmlversion='1.0'encoding='UTF-8'?><osmversion='0.6'upload='true'generat...
现在有这样一个xml文件
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<osm version='0.6' upload='true' generator='JOSM'>
</osm>
我要在<osm > </osm>插入
<node id='-3' action='modify' visible='true' lat='0.01360947642642862' lon='-0.001976293625062947' />
而且我要插入多次,并且不能破坏<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 展开
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<osm version='0.6' upload='true' generator='JOSM'>
</osm>
我要在<osm > </osm>插入
<node id='-3' action='modify' visible='true' lat='0.01360947642642862' lon='-0.001976293625062947' />
而且我要插入多次,并且不能破坏<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 展开
2个回答
2013-05-14 · 知道合伙人软件行家
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我给你个示例代码,你自己改改增加子节点那一段就好了。
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
# author : wklken@yeah.net
# date: 2012-05-25
# version: 0.1
from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree,Element
def read_xml(in_path):
'''读取并解析xml文件
in_path: xml路径
return: ElementTree'''
tree = ElementTree()
tree.parse(in_path)
return tree
def write_xml(tree, out_path):
'''将xml文件写出
tree: xml树
out_path: 写出路径'''
tree.write(out_path, encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)
def if_match(node, kv_map):
'''判断某个节点是否包含所有传入参数属性
node: 节点
kv_map: 属性及属性值组成的map'''
for key in kv_map:
if node.get(key) != kv_map.get(key):
return False
return True
#---------------search -----
def find_nodes(tree, path):
'''查找某个路径匹配的所有节点
tree: xml树
path: 节点路径'''
return tree.findall(path)
def get_node_by_keyvalue(nodelist, kv_map):
'''根据属性及属性值定位符合的节点,返回节点
nodelist: 节点列表
kv_map: 匹配属性及属性值map'''
result_nodes = []
for node in nodelist:
if if_match(node, kv_map):
result_nodes.append(node)
return result_nodes
#---------------change -----
def change_node_properties(nodelist, kv_map, is_delete=False):
'''修改/增加 /删除 节点的属性及属性值
nodelist: 节点列表
kv_map:属性及属性值map'''
for node in nodelist:
for key in kv_map:
if is_delete:
if key in node.attrib:
del node.attrib[key]
else:
node.set(key, kv_map.get(key))
def change_node_text(nodelist, text, is_add=False, is_delete=False):
'''改变/增加/删除一个节点的文本
nodelist:节点列表
text : 更新后的文本'''
for node in nodelist:
if is_add:
node.text += text
elif is_delete:
node.text = ""
else:
node.text = text
def create_node(tag, property_map, content):
'''新造一个节点
tag:节点标签
property_map:属性及属性值map
content: 节点闭合标签里的文本内容
return 新节点'''
element = Element(tag, property_map)
element.text = content
return element
def add_child_node(nodelist, element):
'''给一个节点添加子节点
nodelist: 节点列表
element: 子节点'''
for node in nodelist:
node.append(element)
def del_node_by_tagkeyvalue(nodelist, tag, kv_map):
'''同过属性及属性值定位一个节点,并删除之
nodelist: 父节点列表
tag:子节点标签
kv_map: 属性及属性值列表'''
for parent_node in nodelist:
children = parent_node.getchildren()
for child in children:
if child.tag == tag and if_match(child, kv_map):
parent_node.remove(child)
if __name__ == "__main__":
#1. 读取xml文件
tree = read_xml("./test.xml")
#2. 属性修改
#A. 找到父节点
nodes = find_nodes(tree, "processers/processer")
#B. 通过属性准确定位子节点
result_nodes = get_node_by_keyvalue(nodes, {"name":"BProcesser"})
#C. 修改节点属性
change_node_properties(result_nodes, {"age": "1"})
#D. 删除节点属性
change_node_properties(result_nodes, {"value":""}, True)
#3. 节点修改
#A.新建节点
a = create_node("person", {"age":"15","money":"200000"}, "this is the firest content")
#B.插入到父节点之下
add_child_node(result_nodes, a)
#4. 删除节点
#定位父节点
del_parent_nodes = find_nodes(tree, "processers/services/service")
#准确定位子节点并删除之
target_del_node = del_node_by_tagkeyvalue(del_parent_nodes, "chain", {"sequency" : "chain1"})
#5. 修改节点文本
#定位节点
text_nodes = get_node_by_keyvalue(find_nodes(tree, "processers/services/service/chain"), {"sequency":"chain3"})
change_node_text(text_nodes, "new text")
#6. 输出到结果文件
write_xml(tree, "./out.xml")
2015-07-06 · 知道合伙人互联网行家
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使用Python操作处理(读写等)XML文件,通过简单的例子了解各个函数的使用方法,代码如下:
from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
from xml.etree.ElementTree import SubElement
from xml.etree.ElementTree import dump
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Comment
from xml.etree.ElementTree import tostring
'''
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<PurchaseOrder>
<account refnum="2390094"/>
<item sku="33-993933" qty="4">
<name>Potato Smasher</name>
<description>Smash Potatoes like never before.</description>
</item>
</PurchaseOrder>
'''
## Writing the content to xml document(编写XML文档内容)
book = ElementTree()
purchaseorder = Element('PurchaseOrder')
book._setroot(purchaseorder)
SubElement(purchaseorder, 'account', {'refnum' : "2390094"})
item = Element("item", {'sku' : '33-993933', 'qty' : '4'})
purchaseorder.append(item)
print item.items() # [('sku', '33-993933'), ('qty', '4')]
print item.attrib # {'sku': '33-993933', 'qty': '4'}
print item.get('sku') # 33-993933
SubElement(item, 'name').text = "Potato Smasher"
SubElement(item, 'description').text = "Smash Potatoes like never before."
#book.write('book.xml',"utf-8")
#print tostring(purchaseorder)
#import sys
#book.write(sys.stdout)
#dump(book)
## Displaying the content of the xml document(显示XML文档内容)
print purchaseorder.find('account')
print purchaseorder.find('account').get('refnum')
print purchaseorder.findall('account')[0].get('refnum')
print purchaseorder.find('item/name')
print purchaseorder.find('item/name').text
## How to use ElementTree([element,] [file])
## 1. From standard XML element, it becomes root element
print ElementTree(item).getroot().find('name').text
## 2. From XML file
print ElementTree(file='book.xml').getroot().find('item/description').text
## Create an iterator
for element in purchaseorder.getiterator():
print element.tag
## Get pretty look
def indent(elem, level=0):
i = "\n" + level*" "
if len(elem):
if not elem.text or not elem.text.strip():
elem.text = i + " "
for e in elem:
indent(e, level+1)
if not e.tail or not e.tail.strip():
e.tail = i
if level and (not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip()):
elem.tail = i
return elem
if __name__=="__main__":
dump(indent(purchaseorder))
book.write('book.xml',"utf-8")
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