Question

改成被动语态

They have finished the book.
The interviewer asked susan,“have you ever done a part-time jod？“
第二句是改成间接引语

Answer 1

The book has been finished (by them).
The interviewer asked Susan whether she had ever done a part-time jod.

英语中及物动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。 一、 被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by manycountries. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted.

引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等。
　　1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。例如：
　　She said, “I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me.
　　He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students.
　　2. 直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。例如：
　　He asked me, “Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.
　　He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come.
　　注意：大多数情况下， if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether。例如：
　　She asked me whether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not.
　　3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：
　　He asked: “Where are you to get off, John?” →He asked John where he was to get off.
　　My sister asked me, “How do you like the play?”→My sister asked me how I liked the play.
　　Tom asked me, “Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me, “Who was the boy over there?”
　　4. 直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气)，tell(一般语气)，order (命令语气)或warn, advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成。如：
　　He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day.
　　“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog.
　　5. 直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态的变化：如：
　　1) Betty said, “Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→
　　Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时
　　2) He said, “I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→
　　He said he would go to London next week. 过去将来时
　　3) My mother said, “I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→
　　My mother said she had already cleaned the house. 过去完成时
　　注意:
　　1. 直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。例如：
　　They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
　　2. 直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。如：this→that, these→those, now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, last year→the year before, ago→before, here→there come→go等。例如：
　　He said, “I haven’t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn’t seen them that day.
　　但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
　　3. 间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。

Answer 2

被动语态的标志： be + 过去分词They have finished the book.The book has been finished by them.间接引语，陈述句用that连接，一般疑问句用if/ whether 连接，表示“是否”，特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词本身，祈使句固定句型： ask/tell/order sb (not)to do sth 叫某人做某事
2 The interviewer asked susan,“have you ever done a part-time jod？“
The interviewer asked susan whether/if she had ever done a part-time jod.

Answer 3

The book has been finished by them.
The interviewer asked susan whether she had ever done a part-time job.

Answer 4

The book has finished by them
The interviewer asked susan whether she has ever done a part-time job

希望对您有帮助哦~