Question

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中国人民银行6日发布报告称，农村信用社改革试点工作已经取得了重要进展和阶段性成果，全国农村信用社已连续三年实现盈利，其中2007年盈利440亿元。
2003年6月，国务院决定在浙江等8个省(市)实施农村信用社改革试点。2004年8月，改革试点范围扩大至其他21个省(区、市)。2006年底，农村信用社改革试点在全国全面推开。
央行指出，改革过程中，国家在资金、财税、利率等多方面给予政策扶持，农村信用社历史包袱得到有效化解，资产质量不断改善，截至2007年末，按四级分类口径统计，全国农村信用社不良贷款比例为9.3%，与2002年末相比下降了约28个百分点；在资本充足率方面，农村信用社、农村合作银行和农村商业银行分别达13%、14.1%和13.3%，而2002年末，全国农村信用社资本充足率仅为-8.45%。截至2007年末，农村信用社农业贷款余额1.43万亿元，占其各项贷款的比例由2002年末的40%提高到46%；占全国金融机构农业贷款的比例由2002年末的81%提高到93%。
产权制度和管理体制改革是农村信用社改革的重点。改革产权制度，是要明晰产权关系，完善法人治理结构，转换经营机制；改革管理体制，是将农村信用社的管理交由省级政府负责。
改革以来，各地农村信用社根据实际情况分别实施股份制、股份合作制、合作制等各种产权制度，组建农村商业银行、农村合作银行、以县(市)为单位统一法人社，以及县(市)辖域内两级法人社等多种组织形式。2007年末，全国共组建农村商业银行17家，农村合作银行113家，组建以县(市)为单位的统一法人社1824家。同时，农村信用社监督、管理框架基本建立，省级政府、省联社和监管机构的职责分工初步形成。

Answer 1

Chinese people's bank releases the report to call on 6, the village reputation agency reform experimental unit the work have already made the importance progress and the stage results, the national village reputation agency have already carried out the earnings continuously for three years,2007 among those years earnings 44,000,000,000 dollars.
In June 2003, State Department decides to wait 8 provinces( city) implement village reputation agency reform experimental unit in Zhejiang.In August 2004, the reform experimental unit scope extends to other 21 provinces( area, city).At the end of 2006, the village reputation agency reform the experimental unit pushes away completely in the whole country.
The central bank point out that in the reform process, the nation is in the funds, finance and tax, interest rate...etc. in many ways give the policy support, the village reputation agency history burden gets to dissolve effectively, the property quantity improves continuously, up to 2007 year-ends, categorize the caliber covariance according to the four classes, bad loan comparison of the national village reputation agency for 9.3%, compared with 2002 year-ends to descend about 28 percentage points;The ample rate aspect, village reputation agency, the village Cooperative Bank and the village commercial bank amounts to 13%,14.1% and 13.3%s respectively in the capital, but 2002 year-ends, ample rate of the national village reputation agency capital only is-8.45%.Up to 2007 year-ends,1.43 dollars of the village reputation agency agriculture loan surplus amount, have the comparison of its various loans from 2002 year-ends of 40% raise to 46%;Have the comparison of the national financing institution agriculture loan from 2002 year-ends of 81% raise to 93%.
Produce the power system and management system reforms are the points of the village reputation agency reform.The reform produces the power system, is to want to be clear in meaning to produce the power relation, the perfect legal person manages the structure, the conversion management mechanism;Reform to manage the system, is to hand over the management of the village reputation agency the province class government is responsible of.
Reform, everyplace village reputation agency carries out the share system, the share cooperation system, cooperation system...etc. respectively according to the actual circumstance various produce the power system, the set sets up the village commercial bank, village Cooperative Bank and takes county( city) as the unit to unify the legal person agency, and the county( city) govern two class legal person agencies inside the area to wait various organized forms.2007 year-ends, the national total set sets up 17 of the village commercial bank,113 of the village Cooperative Bank, the set sets up to take county( city) as the unit to unify 1824 of the legal person agency.At the same time, the village reputation agency direct, management frame basic establishment, province class government, the province 联 agency and take charge of the job of the organization division of labour first step formation.